Taxonomy: Fam. Compositae// Genus: Inula// Species: Inula germanica L.
Determined according to the botanical key by Ball and Tutin (1976 in Tutin et al.).
Lifeform: Perennial plant. Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native from Central Europe and Italy to Kazakhstan and Iran according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (accepted as Pentanema germanicum (L.) D.Gut.Larr., Santos-Vicente, Anderb., E.Rico & M.M.Mart.Ort).
Habitat: Pastures, clearings and edges of forests.
Flowering period: Summer (JUN, JUL).
Locality: ridge between the Mala and Golema Rivers near Lake Gradche. Date: 27.06.2020.
Inula germanica – habit. Osogovo, ridge between “Mala” River and “Golema” River, 27.06.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Inula germanica – developing capitula. Osogovo, ridge between “Mala” River and “Golema” River, 27.06.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Inula germanica – developing capitula. Osogovo, ridge between “Mala” River and “Golema” River, 27.06.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Inula germanica – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo, ridge between “Mala” River and “Golema” River, 27.06.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Locality: hilly region near village of Beli. Date: 15.07.2020.
Inula germanica (habit). Osogovo, hilly region in the vicinity of village Beli, 15.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Inula germanica (inflorescence). Osogovo, hilly region in the vicinity of village Beli, 15.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Inula germanica (inflorescence with spent capitulums). Osogovo, hilly region in the vicinity of village Beli, 15.07.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Locality: ridge between lake Gradche and the Orizarska River, near village of Gorno Gradche. Date: 08.08.2022.
Inula germanica – habit during fruiting. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Inula germanica – flowering stem with spent capitula and upper cauline leaves. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Inula germanica – flowering stem with spent capitula and upper cauline leaves. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Inula germanica – spent capitula. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Inula germanica – involucre of capitula. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Inula germanica – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Inula germanica – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Inula germanica – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Inula germanica – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Inula germanica – achenes. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Ball, P. W. and Tutin, T. G. 1976. Inula L. In Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (eds.), Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 133–136.
