Taxonomy: Fam. Caryophyllaceae// Genus: Silene// Species: Silene italica (L.) Pers.// Subspecies: Silene italica (L.) Pers. subsp. italica.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Micevski (1993) and Chater and Walters in Tutin et al. (1964).
Habitat: Grasslands/ pastures, woods, edges and clearings of forests.
Distribution: Native from South Europe to Ukraine and Iran according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Lifeform: Perennial; hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.
Flowering period: Spring – summer: APR, MAY, JUN.
Silene italicasubsp. italica– habit. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– habit. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– flowering stems with inflorescence. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– inflorescence. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– inflorescence. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– inflorescence. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– branch of inflorescence. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– flower. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– flower. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– flower. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– flower. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– flower. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– side view of flower – calyx. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– side view of flower – calyx. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– side view of flower – calyx. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– side view of flower – calyx. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– side view of flower – calyx. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– upper cauline leaves. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– stem and cauline leaves. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– lower part of plant – stems with leaves. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– lower part of plant – stems with cauline leaves and vegetative shoots. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– vegetative shoots with basal leaves. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski..Silene italicasubsp. italica– vegetative shoots with basal leaves. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski..Silene italicasubsp. italica– adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski..Silene italicasubsp. italica– abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski..Silene italicasubsp. italica– adaxial side of leaves. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– adaxial side of leaves. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– abaxial side of leaves. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– abaxial side of leaves. Osogovo – lake “Gradche”, 21.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– habit. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– habit. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– habit. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– inflorescence. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– inflorescence. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– dichasia. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– flowers. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– flowers. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– flowers. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– capsules. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– capsule. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– lower part of flowering stems and plant base with vegetative shoots. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– lower part of flowering stems and plant base with vegetative shoots. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– lower part of flowering stems with cauline leaves. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– plant base with vegetative shoots. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– basal leaves of vegetative shoots. Osogovo, ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 07.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italicasubsp. italica– habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 03.05.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italica subsp. italica – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 03.05.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italica (inflorescence), Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 03.05.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Silene italica subsp. italica – lower part of flowering stems and vegetative shoots. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 03.05.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silene L. Chater, A. O. and Walters, S. M. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., & Webb, D.A. (1964). Flora Europaea. Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 158 -181.
Silene L. Micevski, K. (1993). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 2. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 302 – 346.
