Taxonomy: Fam. Euphorbiaceae// Genus: Euphorbia// Species: Euphorbia stricta L.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Micevski in Micevski (1998).
Distribution: Native from West Europe to Iran according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Found on the edges of mixed oak and European beech forests, alongside rivers.
Lifeform: Annual; therophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.
Flowering period: Summer (JUN, JUL, AUG).
Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – flowering stem with inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – flowering stem with inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – raylet leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – rays and ray leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – seeds. Scale in mm. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – inflorescence (umbel). Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – inflorescence – (umbel). Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – axillary rays below the umbel. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – cyathiums. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – cyathiums. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – cyathiums. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – cyathiums. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – cauline leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – ray-leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – cauline leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – cauline leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – cauline leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Euphorbia L. Micevski, K. in Micevski, K. (1998). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 4. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 846 – 876.
