Taxonomy: Fam. Compositae// Genus: Centaurea// Species: Centaurea calcitrapa L.
Determined according to the botanical key provided in Flora Europaea Vol. 4 (Tutin et al., 1976).
Lifeform: Annual (therophyte according to the Raunkiær system) or biennial.
Distribution: Native to Macaronesia, Mediterranean to Iran and Arabian Peninsula according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Disturbed ground, alongside roads.
Flowering period: Summer: JUL,AUG.
Centaurea calcitrapa – habit. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – habit. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – stem with cauline leaves and developing capitula. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – stem with cauline leaves and developing capitula. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – developing capitulum. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – developing capitulum. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – stem with cauline leaves and developing capitula. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – basal leaves. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – habit. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – stem with capitula. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – capitulum. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – capitula. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – capitulum. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – capitulum. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – capitula. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – plant senescence. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – fruiting capitula. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Centaurea calcitrapa – fruiting capitula. Osogovo, hilly region between villages of Beli and Nivichani, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Osogovo nature 