Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.

Posted byTrajche DimitrovskiPosted inCompositae

Taxonomy: Fam. Compositae// Genus: Cirsium// Species: Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.

Determined according to the botanical key provided by Werner (1976 in Tutin et al.).

Lifeform:  Perennial plant. Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Distribution: Native to Temperate Eurasia and northwest Africa according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).

Habitat: Ruderal plant usually associated with disturbed ground – cultivated land, wasteland, roadsides.

Flowering period: Summer: JUN, JUL, AUG.

Locality: Svilanovo. Date: 02.07.2023.

Cirsium arvense – habit. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – habit. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – habit. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – upper branched part with capitula. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – capitula. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – stem and upper leaves. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – capitulum. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – capitulum. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – capitulum. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – capitulum. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – capitulum. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – involucral bracts. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – involucral bracts. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – peduncles of capitula and upper most leaves . Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – upper part of stem and upper leaves. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – stem and upper leaves. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – stem and upper leaves. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – middle part of stem with leaves. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – middle part of stem with leaves. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – middle leaves. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – lower part of stem with leaves. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – lower leaves. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – lower leaves. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – lower leaves. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – lower leaf. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – lower leaf. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 02.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

Locality: Svilanovo. Date: 02.07.2023.

Cirsium arvense – habit – plant senescence. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 07.10.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – fruiting capitulum. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 07.10.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – fruiting capitulum. Osogovo – “Svilanovo” region, 07.10.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

Locality: ridge between the Golema and Orizarska Rivers. Date: 08.08.2022.

Cirsium arvense – habit. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – capitulum. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – capitulum with involucre. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – capitulum with involucre. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – spent capitula. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – fruiting capitula. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – fruiting capitula. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – fruiting capitulum. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – branches with capitula and upper cauline leaves. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – stems with upper cauline leaves. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – stems with middle cauline leaves. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – middle cauline leaf. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – middle cauline leaves. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – stems with lower cauline leaves. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – stem with lower cauline leaves. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River near village of Krushka, 08.08.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

Locality: Svinlanovo. Date: 11.07.2021.

Cirsium arvense – habit. Ruderal area near Kochani, 11.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

Cirsium arvense – upper part of plant with capitula. Ruderal area near Kochani, 11.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – capitula. Ruderal area near Kochani, 11.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – capitulum. Ruderal area near Kochani, 11.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – capitulum. Ruderal area near Kochani, 11.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – fruiting capitula. Ruderal area near Kochani, 11.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – fruiting capitulum with achenes. Ruderal area near Kochani, 11.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – stem with cauline leaves. Ruderal area near Kochani, 11.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cirsium arvense – cauline leaves. Ruderal area near Kochani, 11.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Cirsium arvense. Greuter, W. 2006+: Compositae (pro parte majore). – In: Greuter, W. & Raab-Straube, E. von, Compositae. Euro+Med PlantBase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published at https://europlusmed.org/. https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/1f1e43f3-6ab7-4920-83d0-2f53c2d7a [Accessed 11.03.2026].

Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:195034-1 [Accessed 14.09.2021].

Werner, K. Cirsium Miller. In Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (eds.), Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 232–242.

Last update: 11.03.2026.