Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.

Taxonomy: Fam. Compositae// Genus:  Silybum// Species: Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.

Determined according to the botanical key provided by do Amaral Franco in Tutin et al. (1976).

Lifeform: Annual (therophyte according to the Raunkiær system) or biennial.

Distribution: Native from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and Ethiopia according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).

Habitat:  Grassland, disturbed ground- wastelands, roadsides and cultivated land.

Flowering period: Late spring to early summer: MAY, JUN.

Silybum marianum – habit. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – habit. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – habit. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – habit. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – flowering stems. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – capitulum. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – capitulum. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – capitulum. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – capitulum. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – capitulum. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – florets. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – involucre. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – spent capitulum. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – upper cauline leaf. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – stem with cauline leaves. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – cauline leaf. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – lower cauline leaves. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – lower cauline leaf. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – plants in basal rosette stage. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – basal leaves. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – segments of basal leaf. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 03.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – segments of basal leaf. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski..
Silybum marianum – plant senescence. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – fruiting capitulum. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – fruiting capitulum. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – habit. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 22.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – habit. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 22.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – capitulum. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 22.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – fruiting capitulum. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 22.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – habit in vegetative stage. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 25.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – habit in vegetative stage. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 25.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – habit in vegetative stage. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 26.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – leaf lobes. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 26.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – capitulum with matured achenes. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 29.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Silybum marianum – capitulum with matured achenes. Gorge of  “Kochanska” River, 29.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:249211-1 [Accessed 29.09.2021].

Silybum Adanson. do Amaral Franco, J. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1976). Flora Europaea. Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 249.

Last update: 03.12.2023.