Taxonomy: Fam. Campanulaceae// Genus: Campanula// Species: Campanula persicifolia L. // Subspecies: Campanula persicifolia L. subsp. persicifolia.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Fedorov and Kovanda (1976, in Tutin et al.).
Lifeform: Perennial plant. Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native from Europe to West Siberia, Turkey and North Caucasus according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Grasslands, pastures, clearings of oak and European beech forests. Recorded from c. 700 up to 1600 m altitude.
Flowering period: Summer (JUN, JUL, AUG).
Locality: region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala.
Campanula persicifolia – habit. Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – habit. Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – habit. Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – habit. Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – habit. Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – stem with flowers. Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – flower. Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – flower. Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – flower. Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – flower. Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – flower. Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – side view of flower and calyx. Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – ovary and calyx. Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – ovary and calyx. Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – stem with leaves (left), adaxial side of cauline leaf (center) and abaxial side of cauline leaf (right). Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – basal leaves. Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – basal leaves. Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – adaxial side of basal leaf (left) and abaxial side of basal leaf (right). Osogovo- region between Ponikva – VIsoka chuka and Ratkova skala, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – capsules. Osogovo – Ponikva (VIsoka chuka), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – capsule. Osogovo – Ponikva (VIsoka chuka), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – capsule. Osogovo – Ponikva (VIsoka chuka), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Locality: Ponikva.
Campanula persicifolia – habit in habitat. Osogovo- Ponikva, 24.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – habit in habitat. Osogovo- Ponikva, 24.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – habit in habitat. Osogovo- Ponikva, 24.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – flower. Osogovo- Ponikva, 24.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – flower. Osogovo- Ponikva, 24.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – capsule. Osogovo- Ponikva, 24.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva, 24.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – cauline leaf. Osogovo- Ponikva, 24.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – lower part of stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva, 24.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Locality: ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River.
Campanula persicifolia – habit. Mountain ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – inflorescence. Mountain ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – infloescence. Mountain ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – flower. Mountain ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – developing capsules. Mountain ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Campanula persicifolia – basal leaves and lower part of stem with cauline leaves. Mountain ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Campanula persicifolia. Castroviejo, S., Aldasoro, J. J. & Alarcón, M.; with contributions from Hand, R. (2010+): Campanulaceae. – In: Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/bbd32318-b489-472e-9a74-75ec18680fdb [Accessed 11.01.2026].
Campanula persicifolia subsp. persicifolia. Castroviejo, S., Aldasoro, J. J. & Alarcón, M.; with contributions from Hand, R. (2010+): Campanulaceae. – In: Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/4baba819-8f70-445a-b818-4a1b20ad89d4 [Accessed 11.01.2026].
Fedorov, A. A. (spp. 1–104) and Kovanda, M. (spp. 105–143). 1976. Campanula L. In Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (eds.), Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 74–93.
