Picnomon acarna (L.) Cass.

Posted byTrajche DimitrovskiPosted inCompositae

Taxonomy: Fam. Compositae// Genus: Picnomon// Species: Picnomon acarna (L.) Cass.

Determined according to the botanical key provided by Werner (1976 in Tutin et al.).

Lifeform: Annual plant. Therophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.

Distribution: Native to Canary Islands, France, Mediterranean to Iran and Afghanistan according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).

Habitat: Open and dry habitats- hill pastures and bushland, alongside roads.

Flowering period: Summer- fall(JUL, AUG, SEP).

Locality: Hill pastures near Kochani. Date: 24.08.2025.

Picnomon acarna  – habit. Hill pasture near Kochani, 24.08.2025. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – habit. Hill pasture near Kochani, 24.08.2025. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – capitula. Hill pasture near Kochani, 24.08.2025. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – pappus of achene (left) and body of achene (right). Hill pasture near Kochani, 24.08.2025. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – leaf. Hill pasture near Kochani, 24.08.2025. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.

Locality: Hills between the gorge of the Kochanska River and Crvena Niva. Date: 20.06.2021.

Picnomon acarna  – habit. Hills between the gorge of the Kochanska River and Crvena Niva, 20.06.2021. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – habit. Hills between the gorge of the Kochanska River and Crvena Niva, 20.06.2021. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – developing inflorescence surrounded by upper cauline leaves. Hills between the gorge of the Kochanska River and Crvena Niva, 20.06.2021. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – developing inflorescence surrounded by upper cauline leaves. Hills between the gorge of the Kochanska River and Crvena Niva, 20.06.2021. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – cauline leaves. Hills between the gorge of the Kochanska River and Crvena Niva, 20.06.2021. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – cauline leaf. Hills between the gorge of the Kochanska River and Crvena Niva, 20.06.2021. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.

Locality: Hills between the gorge of the Kochanska River and Crvena Niva. Date: 02.10.2021.

Picnomon acarna  – habit at end of life cycle (senescence). Hills between the gorge of the Kochanska River and Crvena Niva, 02.10.2021. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – fruiting inflorescenc. Hills between the gorge of the Kochanska River and Crvena Niva, 02.10.2021. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – fruiting inflorescence. Hills between the gorge of the Kochanska River and Crvena Niva, 02.10.2021. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – spent capitulum. Hills between the gorge of the Kochanska River and Crvena Niva, 02.10.2021. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – inflorescence with capitula. Hills between the gorge of the Kochanska River and Crvena Niva, 02.10.2021. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – pappus of plumose hairs. Hills between the gorge of the Kochanska River and Crvena Niva, 02.10.2021. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – achene with pappus of plumose hairs. Hills between the gorge of the Kochanska River and Crvena Niva, 02.10.2021. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – achene with pappus of plumose hairs. Hills between the gorge of the Kochanska River and Crvena Niva, 02.10.2021. Photo by Trajce Dimitrovski.

Locality: Hills near village of Beli. Date: 12.09.2021.

Picnomon acarna  – habit. Hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – habit. Hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – habit. Hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – inflorescence with flowering and fruiting capitula. Hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – flowering capitulum. Hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – flowering capitulum. Hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – flowering capitulum. Hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – fruiting capitula. Hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – fruiting capitulum. Hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – fruiting capitula. Hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna  – leaf senescence during fruiting. Hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

Locality: Hills near village of Beli. Date: 13.06.2020.

Picnomon acarna -habit. Hills between Kochani and Orizari, 13.06.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna-upper cauline leaves. Hills between Kochani and Orizari, 13.06.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna – stem with upper cauline leaves. Hills between Kochani and Orizari, 13.06.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna – developing inflorescence surrounded by upper cauline leaves. Hills between Kochani and Orizari, 13.06.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna – developing inflorescence surrounded by upper cauline leaves. Hills between Kochani and Orizari, 13.06.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

Locality: Village of Nivichani region. Date: 20.09.2020.

Picnomon acarna – habit. Osogovo, near vilage of Nivichani, 20.09.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Picnomon acarna – inflorescence with fruiting capitula. Osogovo, near vilage of Nivichani, 20.09.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Picnomon acarna. Greuter, W. 2006+: Compositae (pro parte majore). – In: Greuter, W. & Raab-Straube, E. von, Compositae. Euro+Med PlantBase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published at https://europlusmed.org/. https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/ff87186f-0bc3-4110-adfd-9bb7571b31aa [Accessed 23.04.2026].

Picnomon acarna (L.) Cass. Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:237715-1 [Accessed 06.12.2021].

Werner, K. 1976. Picnomon Adanson. In Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (eds.), Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 242.

Last update: 23.04.2026.