Taxonomy: Fam. Caryophyllaceae// Genus: Dianthus// Species: Dianthus pinifolius Sm.// Subspecies: Dianthus pinifolius subsp. serbicus Wettst.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided in The Flora of Republic of Macedonia (Micevski, 1993) and Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964).
Species variability: In the Osogovo region two subspecies of Dianthus pinifolius Sm. occur: Dianthus pinifolius subsp. serbicus Wettst. and Dianthus pinifolius Sm. subsp. pinifolius.
Distinction between subspecies: -subsp. serbicus: Bracts as long as calyx; -subsp. pinifolius: Bracts distinctly shorter than calyx.
Distribution: Dianthus pinifolius subsp. serbicus Wettst. is native to the Balkan peninsula and Romania according to the Euro+Med PlantBase (Marhold, 2011).
Lifeform: Perennial, sub-shrub; chamaephyte according to the Raunkiaer system.
Habitat: Dry grasslands, clearings and edges of mixed oak forests.
Flowering period: Summer: JUN, JUL.






References:
Dianthus pinifolius subsp. serbicus. Marhold, K. (2011): Caryophyllaceae. – In: Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the Internet http://ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/PTaxonDetail.asp?NameId=104130&PTRefFk=7200000 [Accessed 11.01.2022].
Micevski, K. (1993). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. 1, Book 2. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts.
Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., & Webb, D.A. (1964). Flora Europaea. Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.