Taxonomy: Fam. Compositae// Genus: Bidens// Species: Bidens frondosa L.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Tutin (1976 in Tutin et al.).
Lifeform: Annual; Therophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native to North America – from Canada to USA according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew). Not native to the Osogovo region.
Habitat: Found in wet habitats, near rivers. Recorded along Kochanska River.
Flowering period: Summer- autumn (AUG, SEP).
References:
Bidens frondosa. Greuter, W. 2006+: Compositae (pro parte majore). – In: Greuter, W. & Raab-Straube, E. von, Compositae. Euro+Med PlantBase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published at https://europlusmed.org/. https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/5ab56f90-45a1-4f9d-b4c3-e4eb9f690582 [Accessed 25.02.2026].
Bidens frondosus. Greuter, W. (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). – In: Greuter, W. & Raab-Straube, E. von (ed.): Compositae. Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the Internet http://ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/PTaxonDetail.asp?NameCache=Bidens%20frondosus&PTRefFk=7000000 [Accessed 14.02.2022].
Bidens frondosa L. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:315743-2 [Accessed 14.02.2022].
Tutin, T. G. 1976. Bidens L. In Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (eds.), Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 139–140.
Last update: 25.02.2026.