Taxonomy: Fam. Viburnaceae// Genus: Sambucus// Species: Sambucus nigra L. The taxonomic classification is given according to The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: Raab-Straube, 2017+).
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Ferguson in Tutin et al. (1976).
Lifeform: Perrenial, small tree; microphanerophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.
Distribution: Native to Europe (except the North) to Iran according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Damp places in oak and European beech forests, near rivers, ruderal areas, from the lowland up to c. 1500 m altitude.
Flowering period: Spring – early summer: MAY, JUN.
Sambucus nigra – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – part of the crown with flowering branches. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – part of the crown with flowering branches. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – part of the crown. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – flowering branches. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – flowers. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – flowers. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – flowers. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – flowers. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – twigs with leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – adaxial side of leaf. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – abaxial side of leaf. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – branches. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – trunks and branches. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 27.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – fruits. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – fruits. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – fruits. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – fruits. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – fruits. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – fruits. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – fruits. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – abaxial side of leaf. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – adaxial side of leaf. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – twig. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – young branch. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – trunks and branches. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – trunk. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 17.05.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – twig with leaves and inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 17.05.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – inflorescence with flowers. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 17.05.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sambucus nigra – fruits. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 28.08.2020. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Sambucus L. Ferguson, I.K. Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1976). Flora Europaea. Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 44 – 45.
