Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Valentine, Merxmüller and Schmidt in Tutin et al. (1968), Diklić in Josifović (1972) and Micevski (1995).
Lifeform: Perrenial; Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native to the Balkan Peninsula according to The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: Raab-Straube & Henning, 2018+) and the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Subalpine grasslands and pastures.
Flowering period: Late spring- summer: MAY, JUN, JUL.
Viola orphanidis – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Violaorphanidis. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower with calyx and spur. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower with calyx and spur. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower with calyx and spur. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower with calyx and spur. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower with calyx and spur. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – flower with calyx and spur. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – stems with leaves and stipules. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – stems with leaves and stipules. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – stems with leaves and stipules. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – stems with leaves and stipules. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – leaf and stipule. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – leaf and stipule. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – leaf and stipule. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – stems with cauline leaf and stipules. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – stipules. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – stem with leaf and stipules. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – abaxial side of leaf and stipules. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – stem with lower cauline leaf and stipule. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – stem with lower cauline leaves and stipules. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – stems with lower cauline leaves and stipules. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – stem with lower cauline leaf and stipule. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola orphanidis – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 28.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Micevski, K. (1995). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 3. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts.
Rod Viola L. Diklić, N. in Josifović, M. (1972). Flora SR Srbije III. Srpska Akademija Nauka i Umetnosti, Beograd, pp. 129-164.
Viola L. Valentine, D. H., Merxmüller, H. and Schmidt, A. Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., & Webb, D.A. (1968). Flora Europaea. Volume 2. Rosaceae to Umbelliferae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 270 – 282.
Osogovo nature 