Determined according to Skokanová et al. (2019) and Bancheva and Raimondo (2003). In Flora Europaea (Dostál, 1976 in Tutin et al.) this taxon was included in Centaurea napulifera subsp. nyssana (Petrović) Dostál (cited as Centaurea orbelica Velen.).
Lifeform: Perennial plant. Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Balkan Peninsula – Bulgaria, North Macedonia and Serbia (Skokanová et al., 2019).
Habitat: Subalpine pastures around the highest peaks.
Flowering period: Summer (JUN, JUL).
Locality: Carev Vrv Peak. Date: 15.07.2023.
Cyanus orbelicus – habit. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – habit. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – habit. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – habit. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – habit. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – habit. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – capitula. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – capitula. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – capitulum. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – capitulum. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – capitulum. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – capitulum. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – capitulum. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – florets. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – florets. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – florets. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – florets. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – florets. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – involucral bracts. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – involucral bracts. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – involucral bracts. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – stem with leaves. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – stem with leaves. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – stem with leaves. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – lower cauline leaves. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – adaxial side of cauline leaf. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – abaxial side of cauline leaf. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – stem. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – vegetative shoot – basal leaves. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – vegetative shoot – basal leaves. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – basal leaves. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – basal leaves. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – basal leaves. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – adaxial side of basal leaf. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – abaxial side of basal leaf. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – stem base and rootstock. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – stem base and rootstock. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – rhizome. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – rhizome and roots. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – rhizome and roots. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – rhizome and root. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cyanus orbelicus – rhizome and roots. Osogovo – “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Bancheva, S. T. and Raimondo, F. M. (2003). Biosystematic studies of seven Balkan species from genus Cyanus (Compositae). Bocconea 16(2): 507–527. https://www.herbmedit.org/bocconea/16-0507.pdf [Accessed 19.07.2023].
Dostál, J. 1976. Centaurea L. In Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (eds.), Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 254–301.
Skokanová, K., Hodálová, I., Mereďa Jr., P., Slovák, M. and Kučera, J. (2019). The Cyanus tuberosus group (Asteraceae) in the Balkans: biological entities require correct names. Plant Systematics and Evolution 305: 569–596. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-019-01576-4.
