Determined according to the botanical key provided by Ferguson in Tutin et al.(1976).
Distribution: Native to South Central and South Europe to Caucasus and South European Russia according to The Euro+Med Plantbase (source: Domina, 2017+) and the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Dry grasslands, near orchards and cultivated land, roadsides and other ruderal areas.
Lifeform: Annual, therophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.
Flowering period: Summer: JUL, AUG.
Cephalaria transsylvanica– habit. Ruderal area near Kochani, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– habit in habitat. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– habit. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– developing inflorescence with scales. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– developing inflorescence with scales. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– involucre of capitulum. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– involucre of capitulum, scales and peduncle. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– involucre of capitulum, scales and peduncle. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– involucre of capitulum, scales and peduncle. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– involucre of capitulum, scales and peduncle. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– developing capitulum. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– scales of capitulum. a – appressed-pubescent indumentum of scale.; b -cilia of scale. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– fruiting capitulum. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– capitulum with fruits. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– capitulum with fruits. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– capitulum with fruits. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– capitulum with fruits. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– upper cauline leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– stem and leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– stem and leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– stem and leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– stem and leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– stem and leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– lower part of plant. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– lower part of plant. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– stem. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– lower part of stem. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– stem base and root. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– scales of flowering capitulum (left) and fruiting capitulum (right). Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– fruits. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cephalaria transsylvanica– ripe fruits. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Cephalaria Schrader. Ferguson, I. K. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1976). Flora Europaea. Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 57 – 58.
