Scleranthus annuus L. subsp. annuus

Taxonomy: Fam. Caryophyllaceae// Genus: Scleranthus// Species: Scleranthus annuus L.// Subspecies: Scleranthus annuus L. subsp. annuus.

Determined according to the botanical key provided by Sell in Tutin et al. (1964) and Micevski (1993).

Lifeform: Annual; therophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Distribution: Native to Macaronesia, Europe to Central Siberia, Meditteranean to West and Central Asia (Tadzhikistan) and Ethiopia according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens Kew).

Habitat: Dry grasslands/ hill pastures, rocky terrains, stony and disturbed ground, from the lowland up to c. 1400 m altitude.

Flowering period: Spring – summer: APR, MAY, JUN.

*Scleranthus annuus* subsp. annuus – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 15.06.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

*Scleranthus annuus* subsp. annuus – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 15.06.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

*Scleranthus annuus* subsp. annuus – stems with leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 15.06.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

*Scleranthus annuus* subsp. annuus – stems with flowers, fruits and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 15.06.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

*Scleranthus annuus* subsp. annuus – A: habit. Scale in cm. B: flowers; C, D and E: stems with leaves and flowers. Scale in mm. Specimen from Ponikva. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

*Scleranthus annuus* subsp. annuus – habit. Osogovo – gorge of Kochanska River, 21.05.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

*Scleranthus annuus* subsp. annuus – inflorescence. Osogovo – gorge of Kochanska River, 21.05.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

*Scleranthus annuus* subsp. annuus – stem with leaves. Osogovo – gorge of Kochanska River, 21.05.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

*Scleranthus annuus* subsp. annuus – stems with leaves. Osogovo – gorge of Kochanska River, 21.05.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

*Scleranthus annuus* subsp. annuus – habit. Region between the villages of Istibanja and Bezikovo, 28.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

*Scleranthus annuus* subsp. *annuus* – stems with inflorescence. Region between the villages of Istibanja and Bezikovo, 28.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

Scleranthus annuus subsp. annuus – stems with inflorescences. Region between the villages of Istibanja and Bezikovo, 28.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

*Scleranthus annuus* subsp. *annuus* – inflorescence. Region between the villages of Istibanja and Bezikovo, 28.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

*Scleranthus annuus* subsp. *annuus* – stems with leaves. Region between the villages of Istibanja and Bezikovo, 28.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

*Scleranthus annuus* subsp. *annuus* – stem with leaves. Region between the villages of Istibanja and Bezikovo, 28.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

*Scleranthus annuus* subsp. annuus –A: habit. Scale in cm. B: fruiting calyces. C: stem with leaves. Scale in mm. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski

References:

Scleranthus annuus subsp. annuus. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77225225-1 [Accessed 21.06.2024].

Scleranthus L. Micevski, K. (1993). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. 1, Book 2. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 278 – 282.

Scleranthus L. Sell, P.D. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., & Webb, D.A. (1964). Flora Europaea. Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 148 -149.

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