Taxonomy: Fam. Euphorbiaceae// Genus: Euphorbia// Species: Euphorbia helioscopia L.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided in The Flora of Republic of Macedonia (Micevski, 1998).
Distribution: Native to North Africa, Temperate Eurasia to Indian Subcontinent according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Open habitats: grasslands, pastures, rocky terrains. Common ruderal plant found on disturbed ground and areas of human activity- in and around settlements, near roads, railways, waste ground, in and near cultivated land, orchards.
Lifeform: Annual; therophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.
Flowering period: Late winter- spring: FEB, MAR, APR, MAY.
Euphorbia helioscopia – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 27.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia helioscopia – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 27.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia helioscopia – stems with cauline leaves and developing inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 27.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia helioscopia – flowering stems with inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 27.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia helioscopia – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 27.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia helioscopia – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 27.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia helioscopia – inflorescence with cyathia. Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 27.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia helioscopia – habit in habitat. Hilly region near village of Beli, 27.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia helioscopia – inflorescence with cyathia. Hilly region near village of Beli, 27.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia helioscopia (habit), near the railway station in Kochani, 22.02.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia helioscopia – stems with developing inflorescences. Near the railway station in Kochani, 22.02.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia helioscopia – inflorescence. Near the railway station in Kochani, 22.02.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia helioscopia – inflorescence. Near the railway station in Kochani, 22.02.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia helioscopia – stems with cauline leaves and developing inflorescence. Near the railway station in Kochani, 22.02.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Micevski, K. (1998). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 4. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts.
Osogovo nature 