Taxonomy: Fam. Rosaceae// Genus: Rubus// Species: Rubus sanctus Schreb.
Determined as Rubussanguineus Friv., nomencl. ref.: Flora (Regensb.) 18:334 (1835) according to the botanical key provided in The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia (Micevski, 1998). According to The Euro+Med Plantbase (source: Kurtto & Weber, 2009) this taxon is considered a a synonym of Rubus sanctus Schreb.
Lifeform: Perennial, hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native from East Mediterranean to Ukraine, Turkmenistan, West Hymalaya and Arabian Peninsula according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal – Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (accepted as Rubus creticus Tourn. ex L.).
Habitat: Open and dry habitats- dry grasslands, hill pastures, rocky terrains, river gorges, clearings and edges of mixed oak forests, near orchards.
Rubus sanctus – habit. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 29.08.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – developing fruits. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 29.08.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – unripe fruits. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 29.08.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – fruits in different ripening stages. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 29.08.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – ripe fruits (black) and unripe fruits (red). Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 29.08.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – ripe fruits (black) and unripe fruits (red). Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 29.08.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – ripe fruits (black) and unripe fruits (red). Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 29.08.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – ripe fruits (black) and unripe fruits (red). Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 29.08.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – unripe fruits. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 02.10.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – ripe fruits. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 02.10.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – stem and leaf petioles with prickles. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 29.08.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – stem and leaf petioles with prickles. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 29.08.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 29.08.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – stem with prickles. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 29.08.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – inflorescence. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 03.10.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – inflorescence. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 02.10.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – flower. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 02.10.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – flower and flower buds. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 02.10.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – flower and flower buds. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 02.10.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – flower. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 02.10.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – flower. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – flowers and developing fruits. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – developing fruits. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – unripe fruits. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – unripe fruits (red) nad ripe fruits (black). Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – upper leaf of fruiting stem. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – fruiting stem – upper leaf and prickles. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – vegetative stem. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – leaf of vegetative stem. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – leaf of vegetative stem. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – leaves of vegetative stems. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 12.09.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – habit. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 03.08.2019. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – branches with flowers (left), developing fruits (center) and fruits in different stage of ripening (right). Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 03.08.2019. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – branches with flowers and developing fruits. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 03.08.2019. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – branches with flowers and developing fruits. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 03.08.2019. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – flower and flower buds. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 03.08.2019. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – fruits in different stages of ripening. Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 03.08.2019. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Rubus sanctus – ripe fruits (black) and unripe fruits (red). Osogovo, Gorge of “Kochanska’ River, 03.08.2019. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Micevski, K. (1998). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 4. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts.
Osogovo nature 