Determined according to the botanical key provided provided by DeFilipps (1980 in Tutin et al.).
Lifeform: Perennial plant. Hemicryptophyte – geophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native from Europe to Japan and Southeast China; Northwest Africa according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Oak and European beech forests. Recorded at c. 800 to 1000 m a.s.l.
Flowering period: Spring (APR, MAY).
Locality: village of Shtalkovica region. Date: 07.05.2023.
Polygonatum odoratum – habit. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – habit. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – habit. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – habit. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – stem with flowers. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – stem with flower. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – flower. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – flower. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – flower. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – flower. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – flower. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – flowers. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – flower. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – flower. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – flower. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – pedicel. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – leaves. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – leaves. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – leaf. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – adaxial side of leaf. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – abaxial side of leaf. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – stem. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – stem. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – stem base. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 07.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Locality: village of Shtalkovica region. Date: 25.04.2022.
Polygonatum odoratum – habit. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 25.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – flower. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 25.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – leaves. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 25.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – abaxial side of leaf. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 25.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – abaxial side of leaf. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 25.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – lower part of stem with scale. “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 25.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Locality: village of Pantelej region. Date: 20.04.2024.
Polygonatum odoratum – habit. Osogovo, village of Pantelej region, 20.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – habit. Osogovo, village of Pantelej region, 20.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – habit. Osogovo, village of Pantelej region, 20.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – habit. Osogovo, village of Pantelej region, 20.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – flowering stem with flowers. Osogovo, village of Pantelej region, 20.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – flowers. Osogovo, village of Pantelej region, 20.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – flowers. Osogovo, village of Pantelej region, 20.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – flower. Osogovo, village of Pantelej region, 20.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – flower. Osogovo, village of Pantelej region, 20.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – stems with leaves. Osogovo, village of Pantelej region, 20.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – stem with leaves. Osogovo, village of Pantelej region, 20.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, village of Pantelej region, 20.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, village of Pantelej region, 20.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, village of Pantelej region, 20.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – stem. Osogovo, village of Pantelej region, 20.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Locality: village of Leshki. Date: 29.06.2025.
Polygonatum odoratum – habit. Village of Leshki region, 29.06.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Polygonatum odoratum – fruits. Village of Leshki region, 29.06.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
DeFilipps, R. A. Polygonatum Miller. In Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (eds.), Flora Europaea. Volume 5. Alismataceae to Orchidaceae (Monocotyledones). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 70–71.
