Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Micevski (1995), Diklić (1972 in Josifović) and Valentine, Merxmüller and Schmidt (1968 in Tutin et al.).
Lifeform: Perennial. Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native to France, Italy, Hungary and Ukraine to the Balkan Peninsula, Türkiye to Iran according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Clearings and edges of oak forests and sparse oak woods in the region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality at c. 580–700 m altitude.
Flowering period: Spring (APR, MAY).
Viola jordanii– habit. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– habit. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– habit. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– habit. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality , 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– habit. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– habit. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– habit. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– habit. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– flowering stem. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– flowering stem. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– flower. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– flower. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– flower. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– flower. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– flower. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– flower. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– flower. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– side view of flower (calyx and spur) and bracts. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– side view of flower (calyx and spur) and bracts. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– side view of flower (calyx and spur) and bracts. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– side view of flower (calyx and spur) and bracts. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– side view of flower (calyx and spur) and bracts. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– spent flower with developing capsule. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– stems with leaves and stipules. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– stems with leaves and stipules. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– leaves and stipules. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– stem with upper leaves and stipules. The stipules of the upper leaves are longer than the leaf petiole. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– lamina of upper leaf. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– upper leaves and stipules. The stipules of the upper leaves are longer than the leaf petiole. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– upper leaves and stipules. The stipules of the middle leaves are equaling the leaf petiole in length. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– upper leaves and stipules. The stipules of the upper leaves are longer than the leaf petiole. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– middle leaf and stipules. The stipules of the middle leaves are equaling the leaf petiole in length. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– middle leaves and stipules. The stipules of the middle leaves are equaling the leaf petiole in length. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– middle leaf and stipules. The stipules of the middle leaves are equaling the leaf petiole in length. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– stem with lower leves and stipules. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– lower leaf and stipules. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– stipules of lower leaf. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– lower part of stem with stipules. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– lower part of stem with stipules. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– lower part of stem with stipules. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola jordanii– lower part of stems with stipules. Osogovo, hilly region between the village of Rajchani and the “Svilanovo” locality, 30.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Diklić, N. 1972. Rod Viola L. In Josifović, M. (ed.), Flora SR Srbije, III. Beograd: Srpska Akademija Nauka i Umetnosti, pp. 129–164.
Micevski, K. 1995. Viola L., The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia. Vol. I, Book 3. Skopje: Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 503–548.
Valentine, D. H., Merxmüller, H. and Schmidt, A. 1968. Viola L. in Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (ed.), Flora Europaea. Volume 2. Rosaceae to Umbelliferae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 270–282.
