Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Clarke in Tutin et al. (1980) and Cincović and Kojić in Josifović (1976) as Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin., Bull. Sci. Acad. Imp. Sci. Pétersb.1: 66. (1836). The accepted name in The Euro+Med Plantbase (source: Valdés & Scholz; with contributions from Raab-Straube & Parolly, 2009+) is Avenella flexuosa (L.) Drejer, Fl. Excurs. Hafn.: 32. 1838.
Lifeform: Perennial; hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native from Europe to Iran and Siberia; West Himalaya; Japan to Russian Far East; Malesia; Macaronesia; Northwest and Tropical Montane Africa; Greenland to Central and East U.S.A.; South South America to Falkland Islands according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Clearings of forests on rocky/ stony ground, grasslands/pastures from c. 600 m altitude up to the subalpine belt.
Flowering period: Summer: JUN, JUL.
Avenella flexuosa– habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– panicles. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– panicles. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– panicles. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– panicle. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– spikelets. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– spikelets. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– spikelets. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– spikelets. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– spikelets, ovary and apex of lemma under magnification. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– panicle branches. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– spikelets. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– stems with leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– stem and cauline leaf with ligule. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– stem and cauline leaf with ligule. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– stem and cauline leaf with ligule. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– stem node. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– lower part of stems and vegetative shoots. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– lower part of stems and vegetative shoots. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– basal leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– basal leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– basal leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– basal leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– basal leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– basal leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– base of shoots. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– base of shoots. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– base of shoots. Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– habit. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– panicle. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– spikelets. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– structure of spikelet. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– stem and cauline leaf. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– width of stem and cauline leaf. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– basal leaves. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– width of stem and cauline leaf. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva, 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– habit. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– habit. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– habit. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– panicles. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– panicles. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– panicles. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– panicle. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– panicles. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– spikelets. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– spikelets. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– spikelets. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– spikelets. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– spikelets, ovary and apex of lemma. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– panicle axis and branches. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– stem and leaf with ligule. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– stem and leaf with ligule. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– cauline leaf and stem node. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– lower part of stems and vegetative shoots. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– lower part of stems and vegetative shoots. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– lower part of stems and vegetative shoots. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– vegetative shoots. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– basal leaves. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– basal leaves. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– base of shoots. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– base of shoots. Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– habit. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Avenella flexuosa– spikelet. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo, hilly terrain between the village of Rajchani and the Svilanovo region, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Avenella flexuosa. Source: Valdés, B. & Scholz, H.; with contributions from Raab-Straube, E. von & Parolly, G. (2009+): Poaceae (pro parte majore). Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the Internet https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/b95bb2a7-365a-4e08-9f4c-cb0383c3d987 [Accessed 14.07.2023].
Rod Deschampsia P. B. Cincović, T. and Kojić, M. in Josifović, M. (1976). Flora SR Srbije VIII. Srpska Akademija Nauka i Umetnosti, Beograd, pp. 345 – 347.
Deschampsia Beauv. Clarke. G.C.S. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1980). Flora Europaea. Volume 5: Alismataceae to Orchidaceae (Monocotyledones). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 225 – 227.
