Taxonomy: Fam. Amaryllidaceae// Genus: Allium// Species: Allium ursinum L. The classification is given according to The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, 2010).
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Stearn in Tutin et al. (1980).
Note: Stearn in Tutin et al. (1980) list two subspecies – subsp. ursinum: pedicels scabrid with numerous papillae and subsp. ucrainicum Kleopow & Oxner: pedicels smooth. In The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, 2010). these taxa are not accepted at the subspecies level. In the Osogovo region the populations have scabrid pedicells, but papillae density seems to be a variable characteristic.
Lifeform: Perennial; Geophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native from Europe to Caucasus according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: European beech forests, on humus rich moist sites.
Flowering period: Late spring – summer: MAY, JUN.
Allium ursinum – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – inflorescences. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – inflorescences. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – side view of flowers, bracts and pedicels. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – bracts and pedicels. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – pedicels and bracts. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – pedicels and bracts. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – bracts. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – bract. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – bracts and developing inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – scape. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – leaf base and leaf petiole. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – leaf petioles and scape. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – leaf petioles and scape. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – scape (left) and leaf petiole (right). Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – leaf petioles. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – bulbs. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – seedlings. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 31.05.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium ursinum – habit in fruiting stage. Osogovo – Ponikva – springs of “Venechka” River, 22.0.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Allium L. Stearn, W.T. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1980). Flora Europaea. Volume 5: Alismataceae to Orchidaceae (Monocotyledones). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 49 – 69.
