Viola odorata L.

Taxonomy: Violaceae// Genus: Viola// Species: Viola odorata L.

Determined according to the botanical keys provided in The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia (Micevski, 1995).

Lifeform: Perrenial; Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Distribution: Native to Europe, Northwest Africa, West Asia, Kazakhstan according to the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).

Habitat:  Forests, woods and shrublands, river gorges.

Flowering period: Spring: MAR, APR.

Viola odorata – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 18.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 18.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 18.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – flowers and leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 18.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – flowers and leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 18.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – flower. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 18.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – flower. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 18.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – flower. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 18.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – flower. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 18.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 18.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski
Viola odorata – stipules and pedundle with bracts. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 18.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski
Viola odorata – stolons. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 18.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – flowers. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – flower. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – flower. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – flower. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – flower. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – bracts. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – stipules. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – stipules. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – stolons. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – stolon. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata – stolon. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Viola odorata habit. Hills near village of Beli, 06.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski
Viola odorata habit. Hills near village of Beli, 06.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski
Viola odorata habit. Hills near village of Beli, 06.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski
Viola odorata habit. Hills near village of Beli, 06.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski
Viola odorata – flower. Hills near village of Beli, 06.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski
Viola odorata – flowers. Hills near village of Beli, 06.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski
Viola odorata – flower. Hills near village of Beli, 06.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski
Viola odorata – flower. Hills near village of Beli, 06.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski
Viola odorata – leaves. Hills near village of Beli, 06.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski
Viola odorata – leaf. Hills near village of Beli, 06.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski
Viola odorata – leaf. Hills near village of Beli, 06.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski
Viola odorata – leaves and stipules. Hills near village of Beli, 06.03.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski
Viola odorata – stipules. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski

References:

Viola odorata L. Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:868828-1 [Accessed 07.03.2021].

Viola L. Micevski, K. (1995). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 3. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 503-548.

Last update: 09.04.2023.