Taxonomy: Fam. Violaceae// Genus: Viola// Species: Viola hirta L.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Valentine, Merxmüller and Schmidt (1968 in Tutin et al.), Diklić (1972 in Josifović) and Hodálová et al. (2008).
Lifeform: Perennial plant; hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native from Europe to Siberia and Xinjiang according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Mountain meadows with Pteridium aquilinium in the “Ratkova skala” region at c. 1350 m altitude.
Flowering period: Spring: APR.
Viola hirta – habit. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – habit. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – habit. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – habit. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – habit. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – habit. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – flower. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – flower. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – flower. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – flower. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – flower. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – flower. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – flower. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – side view of flower- calyx and spur. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – side view of flowers- calyx and spur. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – side view of flower- calyx and spur. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – side view of flower- calyx and spur. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – side view of flower- calyx and spur. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – pedicel with bracts. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – pedicel with bracts. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – pedicels with bracts. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – leaves. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – leaves. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – leaf. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – leaf Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – adaxial and abaxial side of leaves. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – leaf petiole and abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – pedicel with bracts in lower half and plant base with stipules. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – plant base and stipules. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – petioles and stipules. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – plant base. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – habit. Scale in cm/mm. Specimen from Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – anthers and ovary. Lower scale in cm/ mm, upper scale in in, 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – hairs of ovary, 15.04.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – capsule. Cultivated specimen from Osogovo, 24.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – habit. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – leaf. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Viola hirta – leaf petiole. Osogovo – region between the “Ratkova skala” massif and Visoka chuka (Ponikva), 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Diklić, N. 1972. Rod Viola L. In Josifović, M. (1972). Flora SR Srbije, III. Srpska Akademija Nauka i Umetnosti, Beograd, pp. 129–164.
Hodálová, I., Mereďa Jr., P., Mártonfi, P., Mártonfiová, L. & Danihelka, J. (2008). Morphological Characters Useful for the Delimitation of Taxa Within Viola Subsect. Viola (Violaceae): A Morphometric Study from the West Carpathians. Folia Geobot 43: 83 – 117. DOI 10.1007/s12224-008-9005-x
Valentine, D. H., Merxmüller, H. & Schmidt, A. 1968. Viola L. In Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (eds), Flora Europaea. Volume 2. Rosaceae to Umbelliferae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 270–282.
