Filago minima (Sm.) Pers.

Taxonomy: Fam. Compositae// Genus: Filago // Species: Filago minima (Sm.) Pers.

Determined as Logfia minima (Sm.) Dumort. according to the botanical key provided by Holub in Tutin et al. (1976); Filago montana L. according to Gajić in Josifović (1975). The accepted name in the Euro+Med PlantBase (Greuter, 2006+) is Filago minima (Sm.) Pers.

Distribution: Native to Macaronesia, Northwest Africa and Europe according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).

Habitat: Open and dry habitats- rocky terrains with shallow soil, disturbed ground, roadsides.

Lifeform: Annual; Therophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.

Flowering period: Summer: JUL, AUG.

Filago minima – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – capitula arranged in globose heads. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – furcately branched stems. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – capitula arranged in globose heads. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – capitula arranged in globose heads. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – capitula arranged in globose heads. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – capitula arranged in globose heads. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – capitula arranged in globose heads. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – stem with leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – stem with leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – root. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – habit. Scale in cm. Specimens from Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – clusters with capitula. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – clusters with capitula. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – clusters with capitula. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – stem with leaves. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – stem with leaves. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago minima – stem with leaves. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Filago minima. Greuter, W. (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). – In: Greuter, W. & Raab-Straube, E. von (ed.): Compositae. Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the Internet https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/d537a0dc-84ca-4cac-9597-edbe909b719b [Accessed 12.09.2023].

Logfia Cass. Holub, J. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1976). Flora Europaea. Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 123 – 124.

Logfia minima (Sm.) Dumort.. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:231067-1 [Accessed 12.09.2023].

Rod Filago L. Gajić, M. in Josifović (1975). Flora SR Srbije VII. Srpska Akademija Nauka i Umetnosti, Beograd, pp. 32 – 37.

Juncus inflexus L.

Taxonomy: Fam. Juncaceae// Genus: Juncus// Species: Juncus inflexus L.

Determined according to the botanical key provided by Snogerup in Tutin et al. (1980).

Lifeform: Perrenial; Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Distribution: Native from Europe to Arabian Peninsula, India, China and Mongolia; Macaronesia, Northwest, Central and Southern Africa to Madagascar according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).

Habitat: Wet habitats – edges of rivers and ponds; calcicole.

Flowering period: Summer: JUN, JUL, AUG.

Juncus inflexus – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – flowering stems with inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – flowering stems with inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – flowering stems with inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – flowering stems with inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – inflorescence and bract. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – inflorescence and bract. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – inflorescence with capsules. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – inflorescence with capsules. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – inflorescence with capsules. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – inflorescence with capsules. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – bract. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – stem, inflorescence branches and bract. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – stems and leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – stems and leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – lower part of plant. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – stems and leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – stem. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – stem. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – stem. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – stem with interrupted pit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – stem with interrupted pit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – stem with interrupted pit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – leaf. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – leaf with interrupted pit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – plant base and basal sheaths. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – plant base and basal sheaths. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – basal sheaths. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – basal sheaths. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – basal sheaths. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Juncus inflexus – basal sheaths. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Juncus inflexus L. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:443065-1 [Accessed 18.09.2021].

Juncus L. Snogerup, S. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1980). Flora Europaea. Volume 5: Alismataceae to Orchidaceae (Monocotyledones). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 102 – 111.

Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steud.

Taxonomy: Fam. Poaceae// Genus: Phragmites// Species: Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steud.

Determined according to the botanical key provided by Tutin in Tutin et al. (1980).

Lifeform: Rhizomatous perennial; Hemicryptophyte- rhizomatous hydrogeophyte according to the  Raunkiær system.

Distribution: Native worldwide – Temperate and Subtropical regions to Tropical Mountains according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).

Habitat: Wet habitats – shores of lakes, ponds, rivers, near irrigation channels.

Flowering period: Summer – fall: AUG, SEP.

Phragmites australis – habit. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – habit. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – habit. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – habit. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – panicle. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – panicle. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – panicle branches with spikelets. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – panicle. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – panicle. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – panicle branches with spikelets. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – panicle branches with spikelets. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – panicle branches with spikelets. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – panicle branches with spikelets. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – panicle branches with spikelets. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – panicle branches with spikelets. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – panicle branches with spikelets. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – panicle branches with spikelets. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – stems with leaves. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – stems with leaves. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – stems with leaves. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – stems with leaves. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – leaves. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – leaves. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – adaxial side of leaf. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – abaxial side of leaf. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – leaf sheath and ligule. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – leaf sheath and ligule. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – leaf sheath and ligule. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – lower part of stems. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – stem node. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – stem node. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – lower part stems and plant base. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – plant base. Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Phragmites australis – spikelet. Scale in mm. Specimen from Lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30337627-2 [Accessed 10.09.2023].

Phragmites Adanson. Tutin, T.G. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1980). Flora Europaea. Volume 5: Alismataceae to Orchidaceae (Monocotyledones). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 253.

Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.

Taxonomy: Fam. Compositae// Genus: Ambrosia// Species: Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.

Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Hansen in Tutin et al. (1976).

Lifeform: Perennial; Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Distribution: Native from Subarctic America to U.S.A. and introduced worldwide according to the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).

Habitat: Roadsides and disturbed ground. The plant is not native to the Osogovo region and it is found only as a ruderal plant.

Flowering period: Summer – autumn: AUG, SEP.

Ambrosia artemisiifolia – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – upper part of plant with synforescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – upper part of plant with synforescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – female capitula. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – female capitula. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – female capitula. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – female capitula. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – female capitula. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – female capitula. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – female and male capitula. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – male capitula. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – male capitula. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – male capitula. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – male capitula. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – male capitula. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – male capitula. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – stem with leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – stem with leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – stem with leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – leaf. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – adaxial side of leaf. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – abaxial side of leaf. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – fruiting female capitula. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 08.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 06.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 06.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 06.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 06.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – upper part of plant with developing synflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 06.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – upper part of plant with developing synflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 06.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – developing synflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 06.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – developing synflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 06.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – developing inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 06.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – developing inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 06.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – stem with leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 06.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – stem with leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 06.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 06.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – adaxial side of leaf. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 06.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – abaxial side of leaf. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 06.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – stem. Gorge of “Kochanska” River near lake “Gradche”, 06.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:176058-1 [Accessed 09.09.2023].

Ambrosia L. Hansen, A. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1976). Flora Europaea. Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 142 – 143.

Verbascum blattaria L.

Taxonomy: Fam. Scrophulariaceae// Genus: Verbascum// Species: Verbascum blattaria L.

Determined according to the botanical key provided by Ferguson in Tutin et al. (1972).

Lifeform: Annual or biennial.

Distribution: Native from Europe to Xinjiang (China) and Afghanistan; North Africa according to the distribution information provided by the the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).

Habitat: Cultivated land, near orchards, roadsides and other ruderal areas.

Flowering period: Summer – fall: JUN, JUL, AUG, SEP.

Verbascum blattaria – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – flowers. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – flower buds. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – flower. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – flower. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – flower. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – flower. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – flower. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – flower. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – calyx of spent flowers, pedicels and bracts; axis of inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – capsules. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – capsule. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – capsule. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – uppermost cauline leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – cauline leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – cauline leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – cauline leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – cauline leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – lower part of stem with cauline leaves and basal leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – lower part of plant with lower cauline leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – lower cauline and basal leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – basal leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – basal leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – basal leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – adaxial side of cauline leaf. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – abaxial side of cauline leaf. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – adaxial side of basal leaf. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – abaxial side of basal leaf. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – habit. Kochani, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – stem and branches. Kochani, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – inflorescence. Kochani, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – inflorescence. Kochani, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – flower. Kochani, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – flower. Kochani, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – flower. Kochani, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – side view of flower. Kochani, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – axis of inflorescence, side view of flower with calyx, pedicel and bract. Kochani, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – capsule. Kochani, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – capsule. Kochani, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – stem and leaves. Kochani, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – stem and leaves. Kochani, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum blattaria – lower part of stem. Kochani, 28.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Verbascum blattaria L. Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:810828-1 [Accessed 02.09.2023].

Verbascum L. (incl. Celsia L.). Ferguson, I.K. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1972). Flora Europaea. Volume 3: Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 205 – 216.

Sedum hispanicum L.

Taxonomy: Fam. Crassulaceae// Genus: Sedum// Species: Sedum hispanicum L.

Determined according to the botanical key provided by Webb in Tutin et al. (1964) and Micevski in Micevski (1998).

Lifeform: Annual; therophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Distribution: Native from South Central and South Europe to Ukraine, Iran and Arabian Peninsula according to the distribution information provided by the  Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).

Habitat: Rocky terrains and stony ground.

Flowering period: Late spring -summer: MAY, JUN.

Sedum hispanicum – habit. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – habit. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – habit. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – flowers. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – flowers. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – flowers. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – flowers. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – stems with leaves. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – stems with leaves. Osogovo – hilly region between the villages of Pantelej and Rajchani, 11.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – habit. Osogovo – gorge of “Kochanska” River, 03.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – habit. Osogovo – gorge of “Kochanska” River, 03.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – habit. Osogovo – gorge of “Kochanska” River, 03.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – habit. Osogovo – gorge of “Kochanska” River, 03.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – habit. Osogovo – gorge of “Kochanska” River, 03.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – inflorescence with flowers. Osogovo – gorge of “Kochanska” River, 03.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – inflorescence with flowers and fruits. Osogovo – gorge of “Kochanska” River, 03.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – flowers and fruits. Osogovo – gorge of “Kochanska” River, 03.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – stem with leaves and flowers. Osogovo – gorge of “Kochanska” River, 03.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – leaves. Osogovo – gorge of “Kochanska” River, 03.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – habit in vegetative stage. Osogovo – gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – habit in vegetative stage. Osogovo – gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Sedum hispanicum – habit in vegetative stage. Osogovo – gorge of “Kochanska” River, 04.03.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Sedum hispanicum L. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:275520-1 [Accessed 27.08.2023].

Sedum L. Micevski, K. in Micevski, K. (1998). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 4. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 1050 – 1069.

Sedum L. Webb, D.A. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., & Webb, D.A. (1964). Flora Europaea. Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 356 – 363.

Allium moschatum L.

Taxonomy: Fam. Amaryllidaceae// Genus: Allium// Species: Allium moschatum L. The classification is given according to The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, 2010).

Determined according to the botanical key provided by Stearn in Tutin et al., 1980.

Lifeform: Perennial; Geophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Distribution: Native from East Central and South Europe to Türkiye, Caucasus and Iran according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).

Habitat:  Dry grassland/ pastures, calcareous rocky terrains in the temperate continental sub-Mediterranean belt.

Flowering period: Summer: JUL.

Allium moschatum – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – scape with inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – scape with inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – scape with inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – flowers. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – flowers. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – flowers. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – flowers. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – flowers. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – flowers. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – flowers. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – flowers. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – scape and flowers. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – scape and flowers. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – flowers. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – flowers. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – flowers. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – scape and valves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – scape and valves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – scape and valves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – scapes. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – lower part of scapes and leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – lower part of scapes and leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – lower part of scape and leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – lower part of scape and leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – lower part of scape and leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – lower part of scape and leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – lower part of scape and leaves. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – bulbs. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – bulbs. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – bulbs. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – bulbs. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – habit. Scale in cm. Specimen from Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – habit. Scale in cm. Specimen from Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – habit. Scale in cm. Specimen from Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – flowers. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – scape and leaves. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – scape and leaves. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Allium moschatum – bulbs. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Allium L. Stearn, W.T. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1980). Flora Europaea. Volume 5: Alismataceae to Orchidaceae (Monocotyledones). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 49 – 69.

Allium moschatum L. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:528455-1 [Accessed 19.08.2023].

Allium moschatum. The Euro+Med PlantBase. 2010: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (2010), copyright © The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/bb092d7e-81e6-4418-ad57-40449548db02 [Accessed 19.08.2023].

Cephalaria transsylvanica (L.) Roem. & Schult.

Taxonomy: Fam. Dipsacaceae// Genus: Cephalaria// Species: Cephalaria transsylvanica Roem. & Schult.

Determined according to the botanical key provided by Ferguson in Tutin et al.(1976).

Distribution: Native to South Central and South Europe to Caucasus and South European Russia according to The Euro+Med Plantbase (source: Domina, 2017+) and the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).

Habitat: Dry grasslands, near orchards and cultivated land, roadsides and other ruderal areas.

Lifeform: Annual, therophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.

Flowering period: Summer: JUL, AUG.

Cephalaria transsylvanica – habit. Ruderal area near Kochani, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – habit in habitat. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – habit. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – habit. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – inflorescence. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – developing inflorescence with scales. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – developing inflorescence with scales. Osogovo- hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – involucre of capitulum. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – involucre of capitulum, scales and peduncle. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – involucre of capitulum, scales and peduncle. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – involucre of capitulum, scales and peduncle. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – involucre of capitulum, scales and peduncle. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – developing capitulum. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – scales of capitulum. a – appressed-pubescent indumentum of scale.; b -cilia of scale. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – fruiting capitulum. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – capitulum with fruits. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – capitulum with fruits. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – capitulum with fruits. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – capitulum with fruits. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – upper cauline leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – stem and leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – stem and leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – stem and leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – stem and leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – stem and leaves. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – lower part of plant. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – lower part of plant. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – stem. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – lower part of stem. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – stem base and root. Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – scales of flowering capitulum (left) and fruiting capitulum (right). Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – fruits. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Cephalaria transsylvanica – ripe fruits. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – hilly region near village of Beli, 18.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Cephalaria Schrader. Ferguson, I. K. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1976). Flora Europaea. Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 57 – 58.

Cephalaria transsylvanica. Domina, G. (2017+): Dipsacaceae. – In: Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the Internet https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/8cea8384-bd8c-4975-8c95-a7eb3cf88597 [Accessed 19.08.2023].

Cephalaria transsylvanica L. Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319196-1 [Accessed 19.08.2023].

Aegopodium podagraria L.

Taxonomy: Apiaceae// Genus: Aegopodium// Species: Aegopodium podagraria L.

Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Tutin (key to genera and Aegopodium L.) in Tutin at al. (1968) and Matevski (key to genera and Aegopodium L.) in Micevski (2005).

Lifeform: Perrenial, hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.

Distribution: Native from Europe to West Siberia, Central Asia and Türkiye according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).

Habitat: Moist habitats – near mountain streams.

Flowering period: Summer: JUL.

Aegopodium podagraria – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – upper part of plant with umbels. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – upper part of plant with umbels. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – upper part of plant with umbels. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – umbel. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – umbel. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – umbel. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – umbel. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – partial umbels with flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – partial umbels with flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – partial umbels with flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – partial umbels with flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – partial umbels with flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – partial umbels with flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – partial umbels with flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – rays and pedicels. Bracteoles absent. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – rays and pedicels. Bracteoles absent. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – peduncle and rays. Bracts absent. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – peduncle and rays. Bracts absent. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – peduncle and rays. Bracts absent. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – umbel with fruits. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – developing fruits. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – fruits. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – fruits. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – fruits. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – fruits. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – stem and uppermost cauline leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – upper cauline leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – cauline leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – cauline leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – cauline leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – cauline leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – stem and inflated petiole of cauline leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – basal leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – basal leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – basal leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Aegopodium podagraria – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Aegopodium L. Matevski, V. in Micevski, K. (2005). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 6. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 1568-1569.

Aegopodium L. Tutin, T.G. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., & Webb, D.A. (1968). Flora Europaea. Volume 2. Rosaceae to Umbelliferae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 333.

Aegopodium podagraria L. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5849-2 [Accessed 19.08.2023].

Umbelliferae (key to genera). Matevski, V. in Micevski, K. (2005). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 6. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 1529 – 1534.

Umbelliferae (key to genera). Tutin, T.G. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., & Webb, D.A. (1968). Flora Europaea. Volume 2. Rosaceae to Umbelliferae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 315 – 319.

Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia (DC.) Gremli (syn. Centaurea pannonica (Heuffel) Simonkai subsp. pannonica)

Taxonomy: Fam. Compositae// Genus:  Centaurea// Species: Centaurea jacea L.// Subspecies: Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia (DC.) Gremli.

Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Dostál in Tutin et al. (1976) as Centaurea pannonica (Heuffel) Simonkai, Math. Term. Közl. 24: 620 (1891) – subsp. pannonica. According to The Euro+Med PlantBase (Greuter, 2006+) this taxon is a synonym of Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia (DC.) Gremli, Excursionsfl. Schweiz, ed. 2: 248. 1874.

Lifeform: Perrenial; hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Distribution: Native to Europe according to The Euro+Med PlantBase (Greuter, 2006+).

Habitat:  Edges of woods, grasslands, roadsides and ruderal areas.

Flowering period: Summer: JUL, AUG.

Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – habit. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – habit. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – habit. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – habit. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – habit. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – upper part of plant. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – capitulum. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – capitulum. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – capitulum. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – capitulum. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – capitulum. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – capitulum. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – capitulum. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – capitulum. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – capitulum. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – side view of capitulum – involucre. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – side view of capitulum – involucre. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – side view of capitulum – involucre. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – side view of capitulum – involucre. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – side view of capitulum – involucre. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – side view of capitulum – involucre. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – fruiting capitulum. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – fruiting capitulum. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – stems with leaves. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – upper cauline leaves. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – upper part of stem and upper cauline leaf. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – upper part of stem and upper cauline leaf. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – middle cauline leaves. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – middle cauline leaves. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – middle cauline leaf. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – lower cauline leaves. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – stem. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – stem. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – lower part of stems. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – stem base – involucre. Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – habit. Scale in cm. Specimen from Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – habit. Scale in cm. Specimen from Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – habit. Scale in cm. Specimen from Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – upper part of plant with branches. Scale in cm. Specimen from Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – upper part of plant with branches. Scale in cm. Specimen from Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – capitulum. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – capitulum. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – outer florets. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – inner florets. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia – outer, middle and inner involucral bracts (left to right). Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo – village of Nivichani, 13.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Centaurea jacea subsp. angustifolia. Greuter, W. (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). – In: Greuter, W. & Raab-Straube, E. von (ed.): Compositae. Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the Internet https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/d4eccf34-ec36-4448-9ca5-015ddc6fe6a5 [Accessed 17.08.2023].

Centaurea L. Dostál, J. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1976). Flora Europaea. Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 254 – 301.