Determined according to the botanical key provided in the Flora of SR Macedonia (Micevski, 1985).
Lifeform: Annual; Therophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Europe to West Asia, North Africa according to the Plants of the World Online portal.
Habitat: Found in rocky terrains, grasslands, arable land, near orchards and roads.
Flowering period: Spring.
Adonis flammea – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 23.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 23.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – flower. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – flower. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 23.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – flower. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 23.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – flower. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – flower. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – flower. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – flower. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – flower with calyx. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – flower anf inflorescence with fruits. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 23.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – fruits. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 23.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – flower and inflorescence with fruits. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 23.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 23.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 23.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 23.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – lower cauline leaf . Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – basal leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – habit in habitat. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – habit in habitat. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea –stem with flower. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – stem with flower. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – stem with flower. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – flower. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – flower and upper cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – flower and fruit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Adonis flammea – lower part of stem with leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Micevski, K. (1985). The Flora of SR Macedonia Vol. 1, Book 1. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts.
Taxonomy: Fam. Orobanchaceae// Genus: Orobanche // Species: Orobanche alba Willd.
Determined according to the botanical key provided in Flora Europaea (Tutin et. al, 1972).
Lifeform: Obligate root parasite. Host: Members of the Lamiaceae family. Found on Thymus sp. as host.
Distribution: Native from Europe to West Himalaya, Southeast Tibet to China, Northwest Africa according to the Plants of the World Online portal.
Habitat: Pastures, on Thymus sp. as host. Recorded from the lowland up to c. 1500 m altitude.
Flowering period: Spring to summer: APR, MAY, JUN, JUL.
Locality: village of Beli, recorded 24.05.2021.
Orobanche alba – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orobanche alba – flowering stems. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orobanche alba – developing stems. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Locality: village of Beli, recorded 03.05.2021.
Orobanche alba – habit in habitat. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orobanche alba – habit in habitat. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orobanche alba – habit in habitat. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orobanche alba – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orobanche alba – inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orobanche alba – inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orobanche alba – inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orobanche alba – inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orobanche alba – flowers. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orobanche alba – flowers. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orobanche alba – flowers. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orobanche alba – stem with leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orobanche alba – stem with leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Locality: Ponikva, recorded 18.06.2023.
Orobanche alba – habit. Osogovo, Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orobanche alba – habit. Osogovo, Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orobanche alba – flower. Osogovo, Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orobanche alba – flower. Osogovo, Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orobanche alba – flower. Osogovo, Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orobanche alba – flower. Osogovo, Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orobanche alba – side view of flower. Osogovo, Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orobanche alba – side view of flower. Osogovo, Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orobanche alba – side view of flower. Osogovo, Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orobanche alba – developing stems with scales. Osogovo, Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orobanche alba – scales. Osogovo, Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orobanche alba – flowers. Scale in mm. Osogovo, Ponikva, 18.06.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Chater, A. O. & Webb, D. A. 1972. Orobanche L. In Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (eds.), Flora Europaea. Volume 3. Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 286–293.
Orobanche alba. Domina, G. & Raab-Straube, E. von 2010+: Orobanche – In: Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. [Accessed 26.01.2026].
Determined according to the botanical key provided in The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia (Micevski, 2001).
Lifeform: Annual; Therophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native from South and Central Europe to West Asia according to the Plants of the World Online portal.
Habitat: Found in grassland, bushland, alongside roads.
Flowering period: Spring.
Vicia pannonica – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vicia pannonica – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia pannonica – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia pannonica – flowering stems. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia pannonica – flowering stems. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia pannonica – flowering stem. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia pannonica – flowers. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia pannonica – flowers. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia pannonica – flowers. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia pannonica – flowers. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia pannonica – flowers. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia pannonica – cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia pannonica – cauline leaf. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia pannonica – cauline leaf. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia pannonica – pods. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia pannonica – pods. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Micevski, K. (2001). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 5. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts.
Taxonomy: Fam. Plantaginaceae// Genus: Globularia// Species: Globularia bisnagarica L.
The taxonomic classification is given according to The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: Marhold, 2011+).
Determined as Globularia punctata Lapeyr. according to the botanical keys provided in Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1972). This name is considered a synonym of Globularia bisnagarica L. (The Euro+Med PlantBase, source: Marhold 2011+).
Lifeform: Perennial; hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.
Distribution: Native from Europe to Caucasus according to the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Hill pastures, on limestone in village of Beli region.
Observation in Osogovo: Village of Beli region- calcareous dry pasture, 03.05.2021 and 27.04.2025.
Flowering period: Spring: ARP, MAY.
Globularia bisnagarica – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – spent inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – stems with cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – stems with cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – stems with cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – basal leaves and stems with cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – basal leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – basal leaf. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – basal leaf. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – abaxial side of basal leaf. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 27.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – habitat. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Globularia bisnagarica – habit in habitat. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Globularia bisnagarica – habit in habitat. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Globularia bisnagarica – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Globularia bisnagarica – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Globularia bisnagarica – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Globularia bisnagarica – inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Globularia bisnagarica – inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Globularia bisnagarica – spent inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Globularia bisnagarica – inflorescence and stems with cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Globularia bisnagarica – basal leaves and stems with cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Globularia bisnagarica – basal leaves and stems with cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Globularia bisnagarica – basal leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided in The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia (Micevski, 1995).
Habitat: Grassland and shrubland.
Distribution: Native to North Africa, from South Europe to West and North Asia (Siberia) according to the Plants of the World Online portal.
Lifeform: Annual (therophyte according to the Raunkiaer system) or biennial.
Flowering period: Spring.
Arabis sagittata – habit in habitat. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arabis sagittata – habit in habitat. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arabis sagittata – habit in habitat. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Arabis sagittata – inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arabis sagittata – inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Arabis sagittata – inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Arabis sagittata – inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arabis sagittata – inflorescence with fruits. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arabis sagittata – inflorescence with fruits. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arabis sagittata – upper cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Arabis sagittata – upper cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arabis sagittata – middle cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arabis sagittata – middle cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arabis sagittata – basal and lower cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arabis sagittata – basal leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Micevski, K. (1995). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 3. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Micevski (1993) and Halliday in Tutin et al. (1964).
Lifeform: Annual; Therophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native from the Mediterranean (Europe, North Africa, West Asia) to central Asia according to the Plants of the World Online portal.
Habitat: Found in open habitats, usually on rocky and stony ground.
Flowering period: Spring – summer: MAY, JUN.
Minuartia hamata – habit. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata – habit. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata – habit. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata – flowering stems with capitula. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata – flowering stems with capitula. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata – flowering stems with capitula. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata – flowering stem with capitula. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata – capitula. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata – capitula. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata – capitula. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata – capitula. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata – stems with leaves. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata – stems with leaves. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata – lower part of stems with withered leaves. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata – lower part of stems and plant base. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. .Minuartia hamata– habit in habitat. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Minuartia hamata– habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata– inflorescence. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata– capitula. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata– capitula. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata– capitula. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Minuartia hamata– stems with cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Minuartia L. Halliday, G. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., & Webb, D.A. (1964). Flora Europaea. Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 125 – 132.
Minuartia L. Micevski, K. (1993). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. 1, Book 2. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 228 – 244.
Taxonomy: Fam. Fabaceae// Genus: Vicia // Species: Vicia narbonensis L.
Determined according to the botanical key provided in The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia (Micevski, 2001).
Lifeform: Annual; Therophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native from South Europe and North Africa to central Asia and West Himalaya according to the Plants of the World Online portal.
Habitat: Found in grasslands, pastures, bushland.
Flowering period: Spring.
Vicia narbonensis – habit in habitat. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia narbonensis – habit in habitat. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia narbonensis – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia narbonensis – habit. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia narbonensis – upper part of plant with flowers and pod. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia narbonensis – upper part of plant with flowers. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia narbonensis – upper part of plant with flowers. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia narbonensis – flower. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia narbonensis – flower. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia narbonensis – flower. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia narbonensis – flower. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia narbonensis – cauline leaf and pod. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia narbonensis – cauline leaf. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia narbonensis – cauline leaves. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Vicia narbonensis – habit during fruiting. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vicia narbonensis – pod. Osogovo – hills near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Micevski, K. (2001). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 5. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts.
Taxonomy: Fam. Orchidaceae// Genus: Ophrys// Species: Ophrys sphegodes Mill.// Subspecies: Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa (Desf.) Soó ex E. Nelson.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by de Soó in Tutin et al. (1980).
O.sphegodes subsp. mammosa is distinguished from other subspecies by the dark red-purplish brown labellum usually longer than wide, with large basal protuberances; speculum of labellum H-shaped, glabrous, the rest of the labellum shortly velutinous; outer perianth segments yellowish-green, the innermore or less acute, yellow; both outer and inner segments suffused with purple.
Lifeform: Perrenial; Geophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Southeast Europe to West Asia according to the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Dry grasslands/ hill pastures; calcicole species.
Flowering period: Spring: APR, MAY.
Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – habit in habitat. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – habit. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – habit. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – inflorescence. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – inflorescence. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – flowers and flower buds. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – flower. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – flower and bract. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – flower. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – flower. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – flower. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – flower . Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – flower. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa –side view of flower and bract. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – side view of flower and bract. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – side view of flower. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – side view of flower. The Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – side view of flower and bract. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – iner and outer periant segments. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – abaxial side of perianth. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – ovary and bract. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – flower buds. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – stem and bractbract. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – stem and leaves. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – basal leaves and stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – basal leaves. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – basal leaves. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 01.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – habitat. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – habit in habitat. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – habit in habitat. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – habit in habitat. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – habit. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – inflorescence. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – inflorescence. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – inflorescence. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – inflorescence. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – flowers. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – flower. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – flower. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – flower. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – flower. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – flower. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – flower. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – spent flower and bract. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – basal leaves. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – basal leaves. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – basal leaves. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa – basal leaves. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Ophrys L. de Soó, R. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1980). Flora Europaea. Volume 5: Alismataceae to Orchidaceae (Monocotyledones). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 344 – 349.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by de Soó (1980 in Tutin et al.).
Lifeform: Perennial plant. Geophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Europe to West Asia; North Africa according to the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew) and The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, 2010).
Habitat: Hill pastures, edges and clearings of oak forests. Populations are small, consisting of few individuals.
Flowering period: Spring (APR, MAY).
Locality: village of Beli region. Date: 19.04.2025.
Orchis purpurea – habit. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 19.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orchis purpurea – inflorescence. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 19.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orchis purpurea – flower buds. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 19.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orchis purpurea – flowers. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 19.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orchis purpurea – leaves. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 19.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orchis purpurea – leaves. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 19.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orchis purpurea – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 19.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orchis purpurea – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 19.04.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Locality: village of Rajchani region. Date: 20.05.2023.
Orchis purpurea – habit. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orchis purpurea – inflorescence. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orchis purpurea – flowers. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orchis purpurea – flowers. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orchis purpurea – flowers. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orchis purpurea – flower. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orchis purpurea – side view of flowers with ovary and spur. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orchis purpurea – side view of flower with ovary and spur. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orchis purpurea – lower part of plant – stem and leaves. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orchis purpurea – leaf. Osogovo – near village of Rajchani, 20.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Locality: village of Beli region. Date: 19.04.2025.
Orchis purpurea – habit. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orchis purpurea – inflorescence. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orchis purpurea – inflorescence. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orchis purpurea – flowers. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orchis purpurea – flowers. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Orchis purpurea – basal rosette. Osogovo- hills near village of Beli, 03.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
de Soó, R. 1980. Orchis L. In Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (eds.), Flora Europaea. Volume 5. Alismataceae to Orchidaceae (Monocotyledones). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 337–342.
Taxonomy: Fam. Plantaginaceae// Genus: Veronica// Species: Veronica vindobonensis (M. A. Fisch.) M. A. Fisch. The classification is given according to The Euro+Med Planbase (Marhold, 2011+).
Determined according to the botanical key provided in Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1972) as Veronica chamaedrys subsp. vindobonensis M. Fischer. This taxon is accepted at the species rank by The Euro+Med Planbase (Marhold, 2011+).
Lifeform: Perrenial; Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native to Central Europe, Italy, Balkan Peninsula, Crimea and Armenia according to according to The Euro+Med Planbase (Marhold, 2011+).
Habitat: Found in open dry habitats- grasslands, sparse shrubland, rock terrains.
Flowering period: Spring (APR, MAY).
Veronica vindobonensis – habit in habitat. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – habit in habitat. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – habit in habitat. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – habit in habitat. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – stem with lateral inflorescences. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 25.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis –habit . Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 26.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – stem with lateral inflorescences. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 26.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – stem with lateral inflorescences. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – stem with lateral inflorescences. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – stem with cauline leaves and lateral inflorescences. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 25.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis –stem with cauline leaves and lateral inflorescences. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 26.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 9.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – flowers. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – flowers. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – flowers. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 26.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – inflorescence- calyxes of spent flowers. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – inflorescence- calyxes of spent flowers. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – inflorescence- calyxes of spent flowers. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – cauline leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – cauline leaves . Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 26.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – cauline leaves . Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 26.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – cauline leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 25.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – stem with two rows of hairs. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – stem with two rows of hairs. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Veronica vindobonensis – stem with two rows of hairs. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
