Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica (A. Kern.) Greuter (syn. Vicia dalmatica Kerner)

Taxonomy: Fam. Fabaceae// Genus: Vicia // Species: Vicia tenuifolia Roth// Subspecies: Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica (A. Kern.) Greuter

Determined according to the botanical key provided in The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia (Micevski, 2001) as Vicia dalmatica Kerner. This taxon is considered a subspecies of Vicia tenuifolia Roth by The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: ILDIS World Database of Legumes, 2010).

Lifeform: Perennial. Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Distribution: Native to Italy, East Central and Southeast Europe to East Mediterranean according to the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens Kew).

Habitat:  Found in open habitats- grassland, bushland, clearings of mixed oak forests.

Flowering period:  Late spring – summer (MAY, JUN, JUL).

Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – habit. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – habit. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – habit. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica  – habit. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – habit. Osogovo, near “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – habit. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – habit. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – habit. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – habit. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – habit during fruiting. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – inflorescences. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – inflorescence. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica  – inflorescences. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica  – inflorescences. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica  – inflorescence. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – inflorescence. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – developing inflorescence. Osogovo, near “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica  – flowers. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – flowers. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica  – flowers. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica  – flowers. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – flowers. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – flowers. Osogovo, near “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – flowers. Osogovo, near “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – flowers. Osogovo, near “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – inflorescences with pods. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – leaves. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – stems with leaves. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – leaf. Osogovo, near “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – leaf. Osogovo, near “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica – leaves. Osogovo, hills near villages of Beli and Nivichani, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica  – leaf. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Micevski, K. (2001). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 5. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts.

Vicia dalmatica A.Kern. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:524681-1 [Accessed 11.07.2021].

Vicia tenuifolia subsp. dalmatica. The Euro+Med PlantBase. Sourse: ILDIS World Database of Legumes 2010. (copyright © ILDIS). Published on the Internet http://ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/PTaxonDetail.asp?NameId=88298&PTRefFk=8500000 [Accessed 11.07.2021].

Galium macedonicum Krendl

Taxonomy: Fam. Rubiaceae// Genus: Galium// Species: Galium macedonicum Krendl.

Determined according to the botanical keys for fam. Rubiaceae and the genus Galium provided by Tutin et al. (1976) in Flora Europaea Vol. 4 and the botanical keys for Galium sect. Leiogalum provided by Ančev and Krendl (2011). First data on Galium macedonicum was published after the publication of Flora Europaea Vol. 4.

Distribution: Native to North Macedonia, Bulgaria and Greece (Ancev and Krendl, 2011). Balkan endemic.

Habitat: Open and dry habitats- dry grassland, sparse bushland, rocks and rocky terrains with shallow soil.

Lifeform: Perennial, hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.

Flowering period: Summer: JUN, JUL.

Locality: Gorge of “Kochanska” River.

Locality: hilly region near village of Beli.

Locality: artificial lake “Gradche”.

References:

Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1976). Flora Europaea. Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Ančev, M. and Krendl, F. (2011). Galium sect. Leiogalium (Rubiaceae) in the Bulgarian flora. Phytologia Balcanica 17(3): 291–314. http://www.bio.bas.bg/~phytolbalcan/PDF/17_3/17_3_05_Anchev_&_Krendl.pdf [Accessed 10.07.2021].

Last update: 22.11.2025.

Verbascum nigrum subsp. abietinum (Borbás) I. K. Ferguson

Taxonomy: Fam. Scrophulariaceae// Genus: Verbascum// Species: Verbascum nigrum L. Subspecies: Verbascum nigrum subsp. abietinum (Borbás) I. K. Ferguson.

Determined according to the botanical key provided in Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1972).

Lifeform: Perennial; Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Distribution: Verbascum nigrum subsp. abietinum is native to Southeast Europe (Balkan Peninsula and Romania) according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal and Euro+Med PlantBase (source: Marhold, 2011+).

Habitat: Open habitats – grassland, clearings of mixed oak forests.

Flowering period: Summer (JUN, JUL).

Verbascum nigrum subsp. abietinum  – habit in habitat. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum nigrum subsp. abietinum  – habit. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum nigrum subsp. abietinum  – inflorescence. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum nigrum subsp. abietinum  – branch of inflorescence. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum nigrum subsp. abietinum  – flowers. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum nigrum subsp. abietinum  – flower. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum nigrum subsp. abietinum  – flower and flower buds. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum nigrum subsp. abietinum  – lower cauline leaves. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Verbascum nigrum subsp. abietinum  – basal leaf. Mountain ridge between artificial lake “Gradche and the Gorge of “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1972). Flora Europaea. Volume 3: Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Verbascum nigrum subsp. abietinum (Borbás) I.K.Ferguson. Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:891514-1 [Accessed 10.07.2021].

Verbascum nigrum subsp. abietinum. Marhold, K. (2011+): Verbascum. – In: Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the Internet http://ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/PTaxonDetail.asp?NameId=32835&PTRefFk=7200000 [Accessed 10.07.2021].

Convolvulus cantabrica L.

Taxonomy: Fam. Convolvulaceae// Genus: Convolvulus// Species: Convolvulus cantabrica L.

Determined according to the botanical key provided in The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia (Matevski, 2010).

Lifeform: Perennial; Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Distribution: Native to South Central Europe, Mediterranean to Afghanistan according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal.

Habitat: Open habitats – grassland, bushland, rocky terrains.

Flowering period: Late spring- summer (MAY, JUN, JUL).

Convolvulus cantabrica – habit in habitat. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – habit in habitat. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – habit. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – habit. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – habit. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – habit. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – habit. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica– habit. Osogovo, rock formations in the vicinity of “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica– habit- plant with flowering buds. Osogovo, rock formations in the vicinity of “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – flower. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – flower. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – flower buds. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – flower and flower buds. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – basal and lower cauline leaves. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – flowers. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – flower. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica– flower. Osogovo, rock formations in the vicinity of “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica– flower. Osogovo, rock formations in the vicinity of “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica– flower. Osogovo, rock formations in the vicinity of “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – flower. Osogovo, rock formations in the vicinity of “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica– flowers. Osogovo, rock formations in the vicinity of “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – plant base. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – plant base. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – basal and lower cauline leaves. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – plant base. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – lower part of plant. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 24.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica– plant base. The lower part of the plant has long, patent hairs. Osogovo, rock formations in the vicinity of “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Convolvulus cantabrica – plant base- lower part of stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo, rock formations in the vicinity of “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Convolvulus cantabrica L. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:265982-1 [Accessed 10.07.2021].

Matevski, V. (2010). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. II, Book 1. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts.

Sedum stefco Stef.

Taxonomy: Fam: Crassulaceae// Genus: Sedum // Species: Sedum stefco Stef.

Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Micevski (1998) and Webb (1964 in Tutin et al.).

Distribution: Native to the Balkan Peninsula according to the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew) and The Euro+Med PlantBase (Marhold, 2011+).

Lifeform: Perennial succulent. Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Habitat: Rocky terrains from c. 800 up to 1400 m altitude. Recorded in the village of Pantelej region and the rocky terrain between the “Ratkova Skala” massif and Visoka Chuka (Ponikva).

Flowering period: Late spring- beginning of summer (MAY, JUN).

Locality: village of Pantelej.

Locality: rocky terrain between the “Ratkova Skala” massif and Visoka Chuka (Ponikva).

References:

Micevski, K. 1998. Sedum L., The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia. Vol. I, Book 4. Skopje: Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 1050–1069.

Sedum stefco. Marhold, K. (2011+): Crassulaceae. – In: Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published at https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/f34f4663-e84d-482e-a9d0-768f3efc5ea1 [Accessed 16.12.2023].

Sedum stefco Stef. Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:276098-1 [Accessed 16.12.2023].

Webb, D. A. 1964. Sedum L. In Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (eds.), Flora Europaea. Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 356–363.

Last update: 16.12.2023.

Buglossoides arvensis (L.) I. M. Johnst.

Taxonomy: Fam. Boraginaceae// Genus: Buglossoides// Species: Buglossoides arvensis (L.) I. M. Johnst.

Determined according to the botanical key provided by Matevski in Matevski (2010).

Lifeform: Annual; Therophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Distribution: Native to Macaronesia, North Africa to Arabian Peninsula, Temperate Eurasia according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal.

Habitat: Open habitats – grassland, bushland, rocky terrains, disturbed ground.

Flowering period: Spring: APR, MAY.

Buglossoides arvensis – habit. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – habit. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – habit. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – habit. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – flowers and bracts. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – flowers and bracts. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – flowers and bracts. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – flowers and bracts. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – flowers and bracts. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – flowers and bracts. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – flower. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – flower. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – flowers and fruits. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – fruiting calyx with nutlets. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – fruiting calyx with nutlets. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – fruiting calyces with nutlets. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – stem and bract. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – stems with leaves. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – stem with leaves. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – abaxial side of leaf. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – stems with leaves. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – stem with leaves. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – stem with leaf. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – stem with leaf. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – leaf. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – abaxial side of leaf. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – abaxial side of leaf. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – stem. Village of Orizari region, 24.04.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.   
Buglossoides arvensis – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 08.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.   
Buglossoides arvensis – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 29.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.   
Buglossoides arvensis – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 26.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – upper part of plant with inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 26.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – upper part of plant with inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 26.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – upper part of plant with inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 26.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – flowers and bracts. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 26.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – inflorescence with fruits. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 26.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Buglossoides arvensis – stem with cauline leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 26.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Buglossoides arvensis (L.) I.M.Johnst. Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:113724-1 [Accessed 10.07.2021].

Buglossoides Moench. Matevski, V. in Matevski,V. (2010). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. II, Book 1. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 84 – 91.

Last update: 16.02.2025.

Rubus canescens DC.

Taxonomy: Fam. Rosaceae// Genus: Rubus// Species: Rubus canescens DC.

Determined according to the botanical key provided in The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia (Micevski, 1998).

Lifeform:  Perennial, hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Distribution: Native to Central and Southeast Europe to Caucasus according to the distribution information provided by The Euro+Med PlantBase (Kurtto & Weber, 2009) and Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).

Habitat: Open habitats- grasslands, clearings and edges of mixed oak forests.

Flowering period: Late spring – early summer.

Rubus canescens  – habit. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – habit. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – habit. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – habit. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – habit. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – habit. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – inflorescence. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – inflorescence. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – inflorescence. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – inflorescence. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – inflorescence. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – inflorescence. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – inflorescence with flowers and developing fruits. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – flowers. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – flowers. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – flowers. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – inflorescence with developing fruits. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – inflorescence with flowers and developing fruits. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – developing fruits. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – stem with developing inflorescence. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – vegetative stem. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – leaf. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – leaves. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rubus canescens  – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 06.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Micevski, K. (1998). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 4. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts.

Rubus aetnicus Weston. Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77205599-1 [Accessed 09.07.2021].

Rubus canescens. Kurtto, A. & Weber, H. E. (2009): Rubus. – In: Kurtto, A. (ed.): Rosaceae. Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the Internet http://ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/PTaxonDetail.asp?NameCache=Rubus%20canescens&PTRefFk=7300000 [Accessed 09.07.2021].

Thymus comptus Friv.

Taxonomy: Fam. Lamiaceae// Genus: Thymus// Species: Thymus comptus Friv.

Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Matevski in Matevski (2021) and Diklić in Josifović (1974).

Habitat: Open habitats- hill pastures, dry grasslands on stony ground and rocky terrains, river gorges.

Distribution: Native to the Balkan Peninsula – Greece and Turkey in Europe (The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, 2010), also Bulgaria (Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew); Serbia (Diklić in Josifović, 1974); North Macedonia Matevski in Matevski (2021).

Lifeform: Perennial – hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Flowering period: Late spring- early summer: MAY, JUN.

Thymus comptus – habit in habitat. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 22.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – habit in habitat. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 22.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – habit in habitat. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 22.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 22.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – flowering stems. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 22.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – flowering stems. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 22.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – flowering stems with developing inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 22.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – flowering and non-flowering stems. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 22.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 22.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus striatus – non-flowering stems. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 22.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – non-flowering stems. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 22.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – habit. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – habit. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – habit. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – habit. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – flowering and non-flowering stems. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – flowering and non-flowering stems. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – flowering and non-flowering stems. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – flowering and non-flowering stems. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – flowering stems with verticillasters. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – flowering stems with verticillasters. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – flowering stem with verticillasters. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – verticillasters. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – bracts of inflorescence. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – inflorescences with bracts. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – non-flowering stems. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Thymus comptus – non- flowering stems. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Orizarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Thymus comptus. The Euro+Med PlantBase. Source: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (2010), copyright © The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2010. Published on the Internet https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/517b0716-3f4a-41bc-9438-969ec808cd8a [Accessed 25.12.2022].

Thymus comptus Friv. Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:461056-1 [Accessed 25.12.2022].

Rod Thymus L. Diklić, N. in Josifović, M. (1974). Flora SR Srbije VI. Srpska Akademija Nauka i Umetnosti, Beograd, pp. 475 – 509.

Rod Thymus L. Matevski, V. in Matevski, V. The Flora of the RN Macedonia. Vol II, Book 2. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje 353 – 388.

Last update: 25.12.2022.

Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold

Taxonomy: Fam. Pinaceae// Genus: Pinus// Species: Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold.

Determined according to the botanical key provided by Micevski (1985).

Lifeform: Evergreen tree; Phanerophyte according to the Raunkiær system.

Distribution: Native to Austria, the Mediterranean to North Caucasus according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal.

Habitat: Commonly used for forestation – main component of pine plantations in the Osogovo region. Native to North Macedonia, but introduced and naturalized in this region. Found from the lowland up to the subalpine belt.

Flowering period: Spring – early summer: MAY, JUN.

References:

Pinus L. Micevski, K. (1985). The Flora of SR Macedonia Vol. 1, Book 1. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 78 – 81.

Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold. Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:677088-1 [Accessed 08.07.2021].

Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser

Taxonomy: Fam. Brassiceae// Genus: Rorippa// Species: Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser

Determined according to the botanical key provided in The Flora of Republic of Macedonia (Micevski, 1995).

Distribution: Native from Europe to Siberia and West Himalaya according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).

Habitat:  Found in wet habitats, river banks, alongside streams and other bodies of water.

Lifeform: Biennial to perennial.

Flowering period:  Spring – summer.

Rorippa sylvestris – habit. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rorippa sylvestris – habit. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rorippa sylvestris – inflorescence. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rorippa sylvestris – inflorescence. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rorippa sylvestris – inflorescence. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rorippa sylvestris – inflorescence with flowers and siliques. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rorippa sylvestris – inflorescence with flowers and siliques. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rorippa sylvestris – inflorescence with flowers and siliques. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rorippa sylvestris – upper cauline leaf. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rorippa sylvestris – lower cauline leaf. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Rorippa sylvestris – lower cauline leaf. Osogovo, near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.

References:

Micevski, V. (1995). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 3. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts.

Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser. Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:288692-1 [Accessed 08.07.2021]