Taxonomy: Fam. Compositae// Genus: Arctium // Species: Arctium lappa L.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Perring (1976 in Tutin et al.).
Distribution: Native to Temperate Eurasia to Greenland according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens Kew).
Habitat: Usually found on disturbed ground – near settlements, roads, orchards, also on the edges of woods.
Lifeform: Biennial plant.
Flowering period: Summer (JUN, JUL, AUG).
Arctium lappa – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Arctium lappa – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arctium lappa – inflorescence. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arctium lappa – inflorescence. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arctium lappa – inflorescence. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arctium lappa – capitulum. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arctium lappa – capitulums. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arctium lappa – capitulum. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arctium lappa – fruiting capitulum. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arctium lappa – cauline leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arctium lappa – basal leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Arctium lappa – basal leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Perring, F. H.1976. Arctium L. Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (eds.), Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 215.
Taxonomy: Fam. Euphorbiaceae// Genus: Euphorbia// Species: Euphorbia stricta L.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Micevski in Micevski (1998).
Distribution: Native from West Europe to Iran according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Found on the edges of mixed oak and European beech forests, alongside rivers.
Lifeform: Annual; therophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.
Flowering period: Summer (JUN, JUL, AUG).
Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – flowering stem with inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – flowering stem with inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – raylet leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – rays and ray leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – seeds. Scale in mm. Osogovo – Ponikva, 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – inflorescence (umbel). Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – inflorescence – (umbel). Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – axillary rays below the umbel. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Euphorbia stricta – cyathiums. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – cyathiums. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – cyathiums. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – cyathiums. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – cauline leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – ray-leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – cauline leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – cauline leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Euphorbia stricta – cauline leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Euphorbia L. Micevski, K. in Micevski, K. (1998). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 4. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 846 – 876.
Geranium robertianum – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Geranium robertianum – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Geranium robertianum – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Geranium robertianum – stem with leaves and inflorescence. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Geranium robertianum – stems with leaves and inflorescence. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Geranium robertianum – stem with flower and fruits. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Geranium robertianum – flower. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Geranium robertianum – flower. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Geranium robertianum – fruit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Geranium robertianum – fruit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Geranium robertianum – fruit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Geranium robertianum – leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Geranium L. Micevski, K in Micevski, K. (2005). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 6. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 1485 – 1509.
Taxonomy: Fam. Onagraceae// Genus: Circaea// Species: Circaea lutetiana L.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by (Micevski, 2001).
Distribution: Native to Europe, Mediterranean to Iran according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Wet and shaded habitat- near rivers and streams, edges of forests.
Lifeform: Perennial; Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Flowering period: Summer: JUN, JUL.
Locality: “Shtalkovichka” River.
Circaea lutetiana – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica , 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Circaea lutetiana – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica , 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Circaea lutetiana – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica , 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Circaea lutetiana – plant with developing inflorescences. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica , 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Circaea lutetiana – plant with developing inflorescences. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica , 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Circaea lutetiana – inflorescence. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica , 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Circaea lutetiana – inflorescence. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica , 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Circaea lutetiana – flowers. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica , 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Circaea lutetiana – fruits. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica , 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Circaea lutetiana – cauline leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica , 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Circaea lutetiana – cauline leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica , 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Circaea lutetiana – cauline leaves. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica , 15.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Holub (1976 in Tutin et al.) as Filago vulgaris Lam. (syn. Filago germanica L., non Hudson). The accepted name in the Euro+Med PlantBase (Greuter, 2006+) is Filago germanica (L.) Huds.
Lifeform: Annual; Therophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.
Distribution: Native to Macaronesia, Northwest Africa, Europe to Central Asia and Northwest India according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Open and dry habitats- rocks, rocky terrains with shallow soil, sandy soil, disturbed ground, roadsides.
Flowering period: Summer (JUN, JUL, AUG).
Locality: region between the villages Nivichani and Beli. Date: 23.05.2021.
Filago germanica – habit. Osogovo, region between the villages of Nivichani and Beli, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Filago germanica – developing synflorescence. Osogovo, region between the villages of Nivichani and Beli, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Filago germanica – synflorescence with capitula grouped in globose clusters. Osogovo, region between the villages of Nivichani and Beli, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Filago germanica – stem with leaves. Osogovo, region between the villages of Nivichani and Beli, 23.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Locality: village of Beli. Date: 13.06.2021.
Filago germanica – habit. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Filago germanica – habit. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Filago germanica – habit. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Filago germanica – synflorescence with capitula grouped in globose clusters. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Filago germanica – cluster with capitula. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Filago germanica – central cluster with capitula ad branches. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Filago germanica – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Locality: ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River. Date: 05.06.2021.
Filago germanica – habit in habitat. Mountain ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Filago germanica – habit. Mountain ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Filago germanica – habit. Mountain ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Filago germanica – upper part of plant with synflorescences- capitula grouped in globose clusters. Mountain ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Filago germanica – clusters with capitula. Mountain ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Filago germanica – clusters with capitula. Mountain ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Filago germanica – cluster with capitula. Mountain ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Filago germanica – stem with cauline leaves. Mountain ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Filago germanica – stem with cauline leaves. Mountain ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Filago germanica – plant base. Mountain ridge between “Golema” River and “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Filago germanica. Greuter, W. (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). – In: Greuter, W. & Raab-Straube, E. von (ed.): Compositae. Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the Internet http://ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/PTaxonDetail.asp?NameId=7529857&PTRefFk=7000000 [Accessed 06.07.2021].
Holub, J. 1976. Filago L. In Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (eds.), Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 121–123.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Micevski (1993).
Lifeform: Annual; Therophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native to Northwest Africa, Southwest Europe to France, Southeast Europe to Crimean Peninsula and Turkey according to the distribution information provided by The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: Marhold, 2011+); Native to the West Mediterranean according to the Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Habitat: Found in open habitats- grasslands, pastures, rocks and rocky terrains with shallow soil.
Flowering period: Spring: MAR, APR, MAY.
Cerastium gracile – habit. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – habit. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – inflorescence with flowers and capsules. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – inflorescence with flowers and capsules. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – inflorescence with flowers and capsules. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – inflorescence with flowers and capsules. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – flowers. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – flower. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – flowers Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – bracts and calix of flower. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – bracts and calyx of flower. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – bracts and calyx of flower. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – capsules. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – stem with cauline leaves. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – stems with cauline leaves. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – stem with cauline leaves. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – stem with cauline leaves. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – basal and lower cauline leaves. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – basal leaves. Hilly region near village of Beli, 09.04.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – habit in habitat. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 25.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Cerastium gracile – habit in habitat. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 25.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – habit. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 25.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – inflorescence. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 25.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – inflorescences . Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 25.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – inflorescences with flowers and capsules. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 25.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – inflorescence with flowers and capsules. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 25.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – inflorescence with flowers and capsules. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 25.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – stem with cauline leaves. Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 25.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – habit. Specimen from the Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 25.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Cerastium gracile – habit. Specimen from the Gorge of “Kochanska” River, 25.04.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Cerastium L. Micevski, K. (1993). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. 1, Book 2. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 254 – 272.
Determined according to the botanical key provided in The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia (Micevski, 2001) as Coronilla varia L. The accepted name in The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: ILDIS World Database of Legumes, 2010) is Securigera varia (L.) Lassen.
Lifeform: Perennial. Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native from Europe to Iran and Turkmenistan according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens Kew).
Habitat: Found in open habitats- grassland, bushland, clearings of mixwd oak forrests. alongside roads. Common forage crop.
Flowering period: Late spring – summer (MAY, JUN, JUL, AUG).
Securigera varia– habit. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Securigera varia– upper part of plant with inflorescences. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Securigera varia– upper part of plant with inflorescences. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Securigera varia– inflorescences. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Securigera varia– infloresence. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Securigera varia– inflorescences. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Securigera varia– stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Securigera varia– stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 05.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Securigera varia– habit. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Securigera varia– pods. Osogovo, mountain ridge between lake “Gradche” and the gorge of “Orizarska” River, 04.07.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Securigera varia– habit. Osogovo, hilly region between the villages of Beli and Nivichani, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Securigera varia– habit. Osogovo, hilly region between the villages of Beli and Nivichani, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Securigera varia– inflorescence. Osogovo, hilly region between the villages of Beli and Nivichani, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Securigera varia– developing pods. Osogovo, hilly region between the villages of Beli and Nivichani, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Securigera varia– developing pods. Osogovo, hilly region between the villages of Beli and Nivichani, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Securigera varia– leaf. Osogovo, hilly region between the villages of Beli and Nivichani, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Variability: Two varieties are present on Osogovo: Lathyrus laxiflorus (Desf.) Kuntze var. laxiflorus and Lathyrus laxiflorus var. glabratus (Grieseb.) Kož.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Micevski (2001).
Distribution: Native from Southeast Europe to Iran according to the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens Kew).
Lifeform: Perennial; Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Habitat: Found in mixed oak forests – among trees, on the edges of forests.
Flowering period: Late spring – summer: MAY, JUN.
Lathyrus laxiflorus (Desf.) Kuntze var. laxiflorus
Lathyrus laxiflorus – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – habit. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – flower and pods. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – flowering stems with flowers. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – flowers. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – flowers. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – flowers – calyx. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – flowers – calyx. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – pods. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – pods. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – pods. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – stems with leaves and stipules. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – stem with leaves and stipules. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – leaf. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – leaf. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – stem, stipules and leaf petiole. Osogovo, “Shtalkovichka” River near village of Shtalkovica, 21.05.2022. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – habit. Osogovo, oak woods in the vicinity of “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, Osogovo Mountains, 10.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – flowers. Osogovo, oak woods in the vicinity of “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, Osogovo Mountains, 10.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Lathyrus laxiflorus – flowers. Osogovo, oak woods in the vicinity of “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, Osogovo Mountains, 10.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Lathyrus laxiflorus – pods. Osogovo, oak woods in the vicinity of “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, Osogovo Mountains, 10.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Lathyrus laxiflorus – stem with stipules and cauline leaves. Osogovo, oak woods in the vicinity of “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, Osogovo Mountains, 10.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Lathyrus laxiflorus – leaves and stipules. Osogovo, oak woods in the vicinity of “Saint Panteleimon” monastery, Osogovo Mountains, 10.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Lathyrus laxiflorus var. glabratus
Lathyrus laxiflorus – habit. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Oryzarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – flowers. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Oryzarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Lathyrus laxiflorus – pods. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Oryzarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lathyrus laxiflorus – pod. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Oryzarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Lathyrus laxiflorus var. glabratus – stem with leaves and stipules. Osogovo, mountain ridge between the gorges of “Kochanska” River and “Oryzarska” River, 16.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided in The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia (Micevski, 2001) and Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1968).
Lifeform: Perennial. Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: The species is commonly used as forage crop. Native from France to Balkan Peninsula, Turkey to Central Asia, Northwest Africa and widely introduced elsewhere according to the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens Kew). According to Tutin et al. (1968) Medicago sativa subsp. sativa is naturalized throughout the range of the species, origin uncertain.
Habitat: Found in open habitats- grassland, bushland, alongside roads. Common forage crop.
Flowering period: Late spring – summer (MAY, JUN, JUL, AUG).
Medicago sativa subsp. sativa – habit. “Mala” River near artificial lake “Gradche”, 02.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Medicago sativa subsp. sativa – upper part of stem with inflorescences. “Mala” River near artificial lake “Gradche”, 02.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Medicago sativa subsp. sativa – upper part of stem with inflorescences. “Mala” River near artificial lake “Gradche”, 02.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Medicago sativa subsp. sativa – stem with cauline leaves. “Mala” River near artificial lake “Gradche”, 02.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Medicago sativa subsp. sativa – inflorescences. “Mala” River near artificial lake “Gradche”, 02.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Medicago sativa subsp. sativa – inflorescences. “Mala” River near artificial lake “Gradche”, 02.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Medicago sativa subsp. sativa – inflorescences. “Mala” River near artificial lake “Gradche”, 02.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Medicago sativa subsp. sativa – habit. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Medicago sativa subsp. sativa – inflorescence. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Medicago sativa subsp. sativa – flowering stems with inflorescence. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Medicago sativa subsp. sativa – pods. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Medicago sativa subsp. sativa – habit. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 30.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Medicago sativa subsp. sativa – inflorescence. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 30.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Medicago sativa subsp. sativa – inflorescence. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 30.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Medicago sativa subsp. sativa – pods. Osogovo, hilly region near village of Beli, 30.05.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Taxonomy: Fam. Lamiaceae// Genus: Salvia// Species: Salvia sclarea L.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Hedge in Tutin et al. (1972) and Matevski in Matevski (2021).
Habitat: Grasslands/ hill pastures, alongside woods and clearings of oak forests, alongside roads, ruderal areas, near settlements. Occasionally cultivated as garden plant.
Distribution: Native from the Mediterranean to Central Asia and West Himalaya according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Lifeform: Biennial or perennial plant.
Flowering period: Summer: JUN, JUL.
Salvia sclarea – habit. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – habit. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – habit. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – inflorescence. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – inflorescence. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – inflorescence. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – inflorescence with verticillasters. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – flowers and bracts. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – flowers and bracts. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – flowers. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – spent flowers and bracts. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – spent flowers and bract. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – stem with leaves. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – stem with leaves. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – leaves. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – near village of Shtalkovica, 09.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – habit. Hills near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Salvia sclarea – habit. Hills near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Salvia sclarea – habit. Hills near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Salvia sclarea – inflorescence. Hills near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Salvia sclarea – verticillasters with flowers and bracts. Hills near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – verticillasters with flowers and bracts. Hills near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – flowers and bracts. Hills near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – flowers and bracts. Hills near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – spent verticillasters. Hills near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Salvia sclarea – upper cauline leaves. Hills near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Salvia sclarea – stem with cauline leaves. Hills near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski. Salvia sclarea – basal leaf. Hills near village of Beli, 13.06.2021. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Salvia L. Hedge, I.C. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1972). Flora Europaea. Volume 3: Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 188 – 192.
Salvia L. Matevski, V. in Matevski, V. The Flora of the RN Macedonia. Vol II, Book 2. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje 397 – 416.
