Taxonomy: Fam. Rubiaceae// Genus: Galium// Species: Galium palustre L.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Ehrendorfer et al. in Tutin et al. (1976).
Distribution: Native to the Azores, Northwest Africa, Europe to Siberia, North America – Greenland to East South Central USA according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Wet habitats – mountain streams and bogs.
Lifeform: Perennial, hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.
Flowering period: Summer: JUN, JUL.
Galium palustre – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem and leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem base and roots. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – vegetative shoots. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – leaves of vegetative shoots. Osogovo – Ponikva, 01.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – habit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – flowers. Pedicels are divaricate in fruit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – flowers. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – fruiting inflorescence. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence with developing fruits. Pedicels are divaricate in fruit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence with developing fruits. Pedicels are divaricate in fruit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence with developing fruits. Pedicels are divaricate in fruit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence with developing fruits. Pedicels are divaricate in fruit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – inflorescence with developing fruits. Pedicels are divaricate in fruit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stems with leaves. Pedicels are divaricate in fruit. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem with leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem with leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Galium palustre – stem with leaves. Osogovo – Ponikva, 21.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Gallium L. Ehrendorfer, F. (Sect. Platygalium, Trachygalium, Galium, Leiogalium, Jubogalium and Kolgyda in collaboration with Krendl, F.; Sect. Aparinoides in collaboration with Puff., Ch.) in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1976). Flora Europaea. Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 14 – 36.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Favarger and Zésiger in Tutin et al. (1964) and Micevski in Micevski (1998).
Distribution: Native to the Balkan Peninsula according to The Euro+Med PlantBase (Marhold, 2011+); Bulgaria according to the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Rocky terrains in the “Ratkova Skala” region, growing alongside other succulents (Sempervivum marmoreum, Jovibarba heufelii, Sedumstefco, Sedum anuum).
Lifeform: Perennial succulent; Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær classification.
Flowering period: Summer: JUL, AUG.
Sempervivum erythraeum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – plant size. Scale in mm. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – flower. Glands of petal and filament base. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – flower size. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – flower buds. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – sie view of flowers with calyx. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – sie view of flowers with calyx. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – sie view of flowers with calyx. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – upper part of stem and branches of inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – cauline leaves. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – cauline leaves. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – cauline leaves. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – indumentum of stem and cauline leaves. a – glands of stem (stem cross section); b – glands on the adaxial side, c – marginal cilia and d- glands on the abaxial side (cross section of leaf) under magnification. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – basal leaves of flowering stem. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – size of basal rosettes. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – size of basal rosettes. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – size of basal rosettes. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – leaves of basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum –leaves of basal rosette. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – leaves of basal rosette. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – leaves of basal rosette. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – leaves of basal rosette. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – leaves of basal rosette. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – leaves of basal rosette and indumentum. a – glands on the adaxial side, b – marginal cilia and c – glands on the abaxial side (cross section of leaf) under magnification. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – stolon. Scale in cm/ mm. Stolons are max 2 cm long. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – stolon. Scale in cm/ mm. Stolons are max 2 cm long. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – stolon. Scale in cm/ mm. Stolons are max 2 cm long. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – stolon. Scale in cm/ mm. Stolons are max 2 cm long. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – inflorescence from the previous year with dehisced capsules. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum erythraeum – dehisced capsules. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivumerythraeum – dehisced capsules. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivumerythraeum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivumerythraeum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivumerythraeum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivumerythraeum – flowers. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivumerythraeum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivumerythraeum – capsules. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivumerythraeum – capsules. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivumerythraeum – capsules. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivumerythraeum – lower part of flowering stem and basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivumerythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivumerythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivumerythraeum – basal rosettes. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Sempervivum L. Favarger, C. and Zésiger, F. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., & Webb, D.A. (1964). Flora Europaea. Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 352 – 355.
Sempervivum L. Micevski, K. (1998). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 4. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 1042 – 1048.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Micevski in Micevski (1998).
Note: The indumentum of leaves, an important taxonomic trait seems to be variable across the native range and therefore variously described by different authors (Favarger and Zésiger in Tutin et al., 1964; Gajić in Josifović, 1972; Micevski in Micevski, 1998). The populations from Osogovo have persistent indumentum of dense, short glandular hairs on both leaf surfaces and longer and thicker marginal cilia, in accordance with the description provided by Micevski in Micevski (1998).
Distribution: Native to Italy, Balkan Peninsula to Slovakia and Ukraine according to The Euro+Med PlantBase (Marhold, 2011+) and the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Rocky terrains – on rocks in the highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region) at c. 1350 m altitude, growing alongside other succulents (Sempervivum erythraeum, Jovibarba heufelii, Sedumstefco, Sedum anuum).
Lifeform: Perennial succulent; Hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær classification.
Flowering period: Summer: JUL.
Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – developing inflorescence. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – branch of inflorescence with flowers. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – branch of inflorescence with flowers. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower and flower buds. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – side view of calyx. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – side view of calyx. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – upper part of stem and branches of cyme. Osogovo- highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – lower leaves of flowering stem. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – adaxial side of cauline leaf. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – abaxial side of cauline leaf. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stem with glandular hairs. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – indumentum of stem and cauline leaves. a- glandular hairs of stem; b- marginal cilia; c – glands on the abaxial side of leaf; d- glands on the adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with Visoka chuka (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal leaves. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – adaxial side of basal leaves. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – adaxial side of basal leaf. a-glands on the adaxial side; b – marginal cilia. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – abaxial side of basal leaves. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – abaxial side of basal leaf and glands under magnification. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes and stolons. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka”(Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes and stolons. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka”(Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stolon. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka”(Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stolons. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka”(Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stolon. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka”(Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stolons. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – inflorescence from the previous year with dehisced capsules. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – dehisced capsules. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 08.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – habit. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – inflorescence. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – inflorescence. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – inflorescence. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosettes and stolons. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – basal rosette. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stolon. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – stolons. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region), 20.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Sempervivum marmoreum – flower size. Scale in cm/ mm. Osogovo – highest part of the “Ratkova Skala” region bordering with “Visoka chuka” (Ponikva region). Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Sempervivum L. Favarger, C. and Zésiger, F. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., & Webb, D.A. (1964). Flora Europaea. Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 352 – 355.
Sempervivum L. Micevski, K. (1998). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 4. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 1042 – 1048.
Taxonomy: Fam. Amaryllidaceae// Genus: Allium// Species: Allium amethystinum Tausch. The classification is given according to The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, 2010).
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Stearn in Tutin et al., 1980.
Lifeform: Perennial; Geophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native to the Central and East Mediterranean region – Italy and Balkan Peninsula to Türkiye and Cyprus according to the distribution information provided by The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, 2010) and the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Clearings and edges of oak and European beech forests – on dry sites. Ratkova Skala region to Ponikva – Visoka chuka (850 m – 1450 m altitude).
Flowering period: Summer: JUL.
Allium amethystinum – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – inflorescence. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – inflorescence. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – inflorescence. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – inflorescence. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – flowers. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – flowers. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – flowers. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – developing flowers. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – flowers. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – fruiting inflorescence. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – developing capsules. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stem. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stem with withered leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stem with withered leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stem with withered leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stem with withered leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stems with leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stems with leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stem with leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stem and leaf sheath. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stems and leaf sheath. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – lower part of stems and bulbs. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – lower part of stems and bulbs. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – lower part of stem and bulb. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – bulb. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – bulb. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – inflorescences. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – inflorescence. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – flowers. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – flowers. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stamens and ovary. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – stem and leaves. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – leaf width. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – transverse section of leaves. Leaves are fistular. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – transverse and longitudinal section of stem. Scale in mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – basal part of stem and bulb. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – habit in fruiting stage. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – habit in fruiting stage. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – inflorescence with capsules. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Allium amethystinum – capsules. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 20.08.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Taxonomy: Fam. Liliaceae// Genus: Lilium// Species: Lilium martagon L.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Matthews (1980 in Tutin et al.).
Lifeform: Bulbous perennial; Geophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native from Southwest and Central Europe to Mongolia and Russian Far East according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Edges of sub montane and montane European beech forests, Pteridium aquilinum fields and mountain pastures, from c. 800 up to 1750 m altitude.
Flowering period: Summer: JUL.
Locality: Ponikva – Visoka Chuka. Date: 16.07.2023.
Lilium martagon – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – habit. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – inflorescence. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – inflorescence. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – inflorescence. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flowers. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flowers. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – adaxial side of petals. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – adaxial side of petals. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – adaxial side of petals. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – abaxial side of petals. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – abaxial side of petals. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – pistil and stamens. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – pistil and stamens. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – pistil and stamens. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – pedicel. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – pedicels. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower bud. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – flower bud. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – bracts. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – bracts. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – stem and uppermost leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – upper leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – upper leaves. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – stem and leaves arranged in verticillasters. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – stem and leaves arranged in verticillasters. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – stem and leaves arranged in verticillasters. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – stem and leaves arranged in verticillasters. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – stem and leaves arranged in verticillasters. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – stem and leaves arranged in verticillasters. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – stem and leaves arranged in verticillasters. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo- Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – size of flowers. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – size of flowers. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – uppermost leaves. Scale in cm/ mm.Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – leaves. Scale in cm/ mm.Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – leaves. Scale in cm/ mm.Specimen from Osogovo – Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 16.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Locality: Ponikva – Visoka Chuka. Date: 21.05.2023.
Lilium martagon – plant during stem formation. Osogovo – Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 21.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Lilium martagon – plant during stem formation. Osogovo – Ponikva region (Visoka Chuka), 21.05.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Matthews, V. A. 1980. Lilium L. In Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (eds.), Flora Europaea. Volume 5. Alismataceae to Orchidaceae (Monocotyledones). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 34–35.
Taxonomy: Fam. Ericaceae// Genus: Orthilia// Species: Orthilia secunda (L.) House// Subspecies: Orthilia secunda (L.) House subsp. secunda. The classification is given according to The Euro+Med Planbase (Raab-Straube, 2016+).
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Křísa in Tutin et al. (1972) and Micevski in Micevski (1998).
Lifeform: Perrenial; hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiaer system.
Distribution:Orthilia secunda (L.) House is native to the Subarctic and Temperate Northern Hemisphere – Eurasia, North America to Guatemala according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: European beech forests, in shaded positions.
Recorded localities: Kormina, 15.07.2023. Ponikva: Jamishko Osoe, 30.06.2025.
Flowering period: Summer: JUN, JUL.
Locality: Kormina. Date: 15.07.2023.
Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – habit. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – habit. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – inflorescence. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – inflorescence. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – inflorescence. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – flowers. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – flowers. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – flowers and capsules. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – flowers and capsules. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – flowers and capsules. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – capsules. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – dehisced capsules from the perious year. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – stems with leaves. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – leaves. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – leaves. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – leaves. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – leaves. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – stem and petioles of leaves. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – rhizome. Osogovo – Kormina (region north of Ponikva), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – habit in habitat. Osogovo – Jamishko Osoe, 30.06.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – habit in habitat. Osogovo – Jamishko Osoe, 30.06.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – habit. Osogovo – Jamishko Osoe, 30.06.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – habit. Osogovo – Jamishko Osoe, 30.06.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – habit. Osogovo – Jamishko Osoe, 30.06.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – inflorescence. Osogovo – Jamishko Osoe, 30.06.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – inflorescence. Osogovo – Jamishko Osoe, 30.06.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – inflorescence. Osogovo – Jamishko Osoe, 30.06.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – inflorescence. Osogovo – Jamishko Osoe, 30.06.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – stem. Osogovo – Jamishko Osoe, 30.06.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – stem. Osogovo – Jamishko Osoe, 30.06.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – leaves. Osogovo – Jamishko Osoe, 30.06.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – adaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – Jamishko Osoe, 30.06.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – abaxial side of leaf. Osogovo – Jamishko Osoe, 30.06.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – habit. Osogovo – Jamishko Osoe, 19.10.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Orthilia secunda subsp. secunda – fruits. Osogovo – Jamishko Osoe, 19.10.2025. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Křísa, B. 1972. Orthilia Rafin. In Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (eds.), Flora Europaea. Volume 3. Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 4.
Micevski, K. 1998. Orthilia Rafin, The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia. Vol. I, Book 4. Skopje: Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 793–794.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Halliday (1976 in Tutin et al.).
Lifeform: Perennial; hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system. A dioecious species with separate female and functionally “male” specimens. Note: In male specimens the flowers are morphologically hermafrodite, but functionally male.
Distribution: Native to Temperate Eurasia, Aleutian Islands according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Frequent in the subalpine pastures region, and to a lesser degree on the edges and clearings of European beach forests, starting at c. 1550 m altitude upwards.
Halliday, G. 1976. Antennaria Gaertner in Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (eds.), Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 131–132.
Taxonomy: Fam. Cupressaceae// Genus: Juniperus// Species: Juniperus communis L.// Subspecies: Juniperus communis subsp. nana Syme.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Amaral Franco in Tutin et al. (1964) and Micevski (1985).
Species variability: Two subspecies of Juniperus communis L. occur in the Osogovo region: Juniperus communis subsp. communis L. and Juniperus communis subsp. nana Syme.
Distinction between subspecies:
Juniperus communis subsp. communis: An upright shrub or small tree, leaves 10-15 mm long, more or less patent. Upper zone of oak forests and European beach forests belt.
Juniperus communis subsp. nana: Low, prostrate shrub with spreading branches, leaves 5 – 10 mm long, closely set, upright to upcurved. Subalpine pastures.
Distribution: Native to Nova Scotia to Greenland, Subarctic to Subalpine Eurasia to West U.S.A. according to the distribution information provided by the Plants of the World Online portal, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (accepted as Juniperuscommunis var. saxatilis Pall.).
Habitat: Subalpine pastures.
Lifeform: Perennial, a low prostrate shrub; Nanophanerophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Juniperus communis subsp. nana – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – branch. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – branch. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – cones. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – cones. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – cones. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – adaxial side of leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – adaxial side of leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – abaxial side of leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – abaxial side of leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – cones. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – cones. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – branch with cones. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – leaves. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – leaves. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Juniperus communis subsp. nana – leaves. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
Taxonomy: Fam. Ericaceae// Genus: Vaccinium// Species: Vaccinium uliginosum L.
Determined according to the botanical key provided by Micevski in Micevski (1998).
Lifeform: Perrenial; Nanophanerophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native to the Subarctic and Temperate Northern Hemisphere according to the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew).
Habitat: Subalpine pastures.
Flowering period: Late spring – early summer: MAY, JUN.
Vaccinium uliginosum – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures in “Mrtvichki rid” region, 24.05.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures in “Mrtvichki rid” region, 24.05.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – flowers. Osogovo – subalpine pastures in “Mrtvichki rid” region, 24.05.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – flowers. Osogovo – subalpine pastures in “Mrtvichki rid” region, 24.05.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – flowers. Osogovo – subalpine pastures in “Mrtvichki rid” region, 24.05.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – flowers. Osogovo – subalpine pastures in “Mrtvichki rid” region, 24.05.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – flowers. Osogovo – subalpine pastures in “Mrtvichki rid” region, 24.05.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures in “Mrtvichki rid” region, 24.05.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – adaxial side of leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures in “Mrtvichki rid” region, 24.05.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski..Vaccinium uliginosum – woody part of plant. Osogovo – subalpine pastures in “Mrtvichki rid” region, 24.05.2024. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – branches with unripe fruits. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – developing fruits. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – unripe fruits. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – unripe fruits. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – abaxial side of leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – abaxial side of leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – woody part of branch. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – woody part of branch. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – woody part of branch. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Vaccinium uliginosum – fruit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures below “Carev vrv” peak (Stupka region), 30.09.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski..
References:
Vaccinium L. Micevski, K. in Micevski, K. (1998). The Flora of the Republic of Macedonia Vol. I, Book 4. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, pp. 787 – 790.
Determined according to the botanical keys provided by Obradović in Josifović (1974) and Tutin in Tutin et al. (1976). In Flora Europaea (Tutin in Tutin et al., 1976) this taxon was included within Jasione laevis Lam. – Jasione laevis subsp. orbiculata (Griseb. ex Velen.) Tutin, Bot. Jour. Linn. Soc.70: 18 (1975). In The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: Castroviejo, Aldasoro, & Alarcón; with contributions from Hand, 2010+) it is accepted at the species level – Jasione orbiculata Velen., Fl. Bulg.: 375. 1891.
Lifeform: Perennial; hemicryptophyte according to the Raunkiær system.
Distribution: Native from Italy to the Balkan Peninsula and Romania according to the distribution information provided by The Euro+Med PlantBase (source: Castroviejo, Aldasoro, & Alarcón; with contributions from Hand, 2010+) and the Plants of the World Online portal (Royal Botanic Gardens Kew).
Habitat: Subalpine pastures, from c. 1650 m up to the mountain peaks.
Flowering period: Summer: JUL, AUG.
Jasione orbiculata – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – habit. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – flowering stems with capitula. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – flowering stems with capitula. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – capitulum. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – capitulum. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – capitula. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – capitula. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – capitulum. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – capitulum. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – capitulum. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – capitulum. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – involucral bracts. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – involucral bracts. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – involucral bracts. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – stem with cauline leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – abaxial side of cauline leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – lower part of stems and plant base with vegetative shoots. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – basal leaves (vegetative shoots). Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – basal leaves (vegetative shoots). Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – basal leaves (vegetative shoots). Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – basal leaves. Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – habit. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – habit. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – habit. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – habit. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – flowering stem. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – flowering stem. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – flowering stem. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – flowering stem. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – flowering stem. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – flowering stem. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – cauline leaves. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – basal leaves. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.Jasione orbiculata – basal leaves. Scale in cm/ mm. Specimen from Osogovo – subalpine pastures between “Retki buki” and “Stupka” below “Carev vrv” peak, 15.07.2023. Photo by Trajche Dimitrovski.
References:
Jasione L. Tutin, T. G. in Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (1976). Flora Europaea. Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 100 -102.
Jasione orbiculata. Castroviejo, S., Aldasoro, J. J. & Alarcón, M.; with contributions from Hand, R. (2010+): Campanulaceae. – In: Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the Internet https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/bf6473e0-56dd-437c-8c6d-7be16e8078a4 [Accessed 21.07.2023].
